标题： 多时刻无线电瞬态检测 显示英文标题

标题： Multimoment Radio Transient Detection

摘要： 我们提出一种多时刻技术用于信号分类，并将其应用于非相干色散数据中快速射电瞬变的检测。 具体而言，我们根据光谱中强度的分数变化定义一个光谱调制指数。 在整段频带中强度均匀分布的信号，其调制指数远低于强度集中在单个频道的光谱。 我们关注宽带脉冲，并通过应用高于某个调制指数阈值的条件来剔除窄带射频干扰（RFI）。 该技术既通过模拟测试，也使用已知射电脉冲源的数据（RRAT J1928+15和蟹状星云脉冲星的巨脉冲）进行了验证。 我们发现，该技术不仅能够有效消除窄带RFI，还能消除因色散测量不正确而色散的明亮真实脉冲产生的虚假信号。 该方法推广到相干色散、图像立方体以及时间上稳定的天体物理窄带信号。 我们认为，调制指数以及利用高阶矩的其他统计量应被纳入信号检测流程，以表征和分类信号。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present a multimoment technique for signal classification and apply it to the detection of fast radio transients in incoherently dedispersed data. Specifically, we define a spectral modulation index in terms of the fractional variation in intensity across a spectrum. A signal whose intensity is distributed evenly across the entire band has a much lower modulation index than a spectrum with the same intensity localized in a single channel. We are interested in broadband pulses and use the modulation index to excise narrowband radio frequency interference (RFI) by applying a modulation index threshold above which candidate events are removed. The technique is tested both with simulations and using data from sources of known radio pulses (RRAT J1928+15 and giant pulses from the Crab pulsar). We find that our technique is effective at eliminating not only narrowband RFI but also spurious signals from bright, real pulses that are dedispersed at incorrect dispersion measures. The method is generalized to coherent dedispersion, image cubes, and astrophysical narrowband signals that are steady in time. We suggest that the modulation index, along with other statistics using higher-order moments, should be incorporated into signal detection pipelines to characterize and classify signals.