标题： 细胞能利用相变来处理信息吗？ 显示英文标题

标题： Could Living Cells Use Phase Transitions to Process Information?

摘要： 为了维持稳态，活细胞通过相互作用的分子网络处理信息。 传统的细胞信息处理模型主要关注分子之间的化学反应网络。 在这里，我们描述物理相互作用网络如何有助于细胞内的信息处理。 特别是，我们关注生物分子凝聚这一在细胞中发现的结构相变的影响。 生物分子凝聚最近被证明参与多种细胞过程。 其中一些过程本质上是计算性的，包括分类和控制任务。 我们将这些发现置于物理计算的更广泛背景下，这是一个新兴的框架，用于描述非线性物理系统的原生动力学如何被利用来进行复杂计算。 这些思想的综合提出了关于表达能力（细胞相变可能解决的问题范围）和学习（这些系统如何适应和进化以解决不同问题）的问题。 这一新兴的研究领域在分子生物物理学、软物质和物理计算方面提供了多样化的机会。 显示英文摘要

摘要： To maintain homeostasis, living cells process information with networks of interacting molecules. Traditional models for cellular information processing have focused on networks of chemical reactions between molecules. Here, we describe how networks of physical interactions could contribute to the processing of information inside cells. In particular, we focus on the impact of biomolecular condensation, a structural phase transition found in cells. Biomolecular condensation has recently been implicated in diverse cellular processes. Some of these are essentially computational, including classification and control tasks. We place these findings in the broader context of physical computing, an emerging framework for describing how the native dynamics of nonlinear physical systems can be leveraged to perform complex computations. The synthesis of these ideas raises questions about expressivity (the range of problems that cellular phase transitions might be able to solve) and learning (how these systems could adapt and evolve to solve different problems). This emerging area of research presents diverse opportunities across molecular biophysics, soft matter, and physical computing.