标题： 自旋翻转的电荷棘轮效应：时空对称性悖论 显示英文标题

标题： Charge ratchet from spin flip: space-time symmetry paradox

摘要： 传统上，电荷棘轮效应被认为是由于由非对称周期势引起的空间对称性破缺，或者驱动场的时间不对称性所致。 在这里，我们证明了具有自旋轨道相互作用的电和磁驱动量子耗散系统是对这一标准观点的例外。 与迄今为止确立的信念相反，当周期势和驱动都是对称的时候，也会出现电荷棘轮效应。 我们表明，这种矛盾的电荷棘轮机制的来源是量子耗散与自旋轨道相互作用引起的自旋翻转过程的共存。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Traditionally the charge ratchet effect is considered as a consequence of either the spatial symmetry breaking engineered by asymmetric periodic potentials, or time asymmetry of the driving fields. Here we demonstrate that electrically and magnetically driven quantum dissipative systems with spin-orbit interactions represent an exception from this standard idea. In contrast to the so far well established belief, a charge ratchet effect appears when both the periodic potential and driving are symmetric. We show that the source of this paradoxical charge ratchet mechanism is the coexistence of quantum dissipation with the spin flip processes induced by spin-orbit interactions.