标题： 大尺度结构与引力波 I：星系聚集 显示英文标题

标题： Large-Scale Structure with Gravitational Waves I: Galaxy Clustering

摘要： 观测到的大尺度结构示踪物（如星系）的角位置和红移会通过体积畸变和放大效应受到引力波的影响。 因此，原则上可以通过大尺度结构的聚类统计来探测引力波背景。 我们在包含所有相对论效应的情况下，计算了在引力波背景存在下星系的观测角聚类，在线性阶上进行计算。 对于标度不变的引力波谱，在最小的多重极（2 <= l <= 5）处影响最为显著，但对于目前允许的暴胀引力波背景振幅，这些影响通常比标量贡献小六个或更多数量级。 我们还讨论了最相关的二阶项，对应于引力波对示踪物相关函数的畸变。 这些为最近在arXiv:1204.3625中开发的方法提供了一个自然的应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Observed angular positions and redshifts of large-scale structure tracers such as galaxies are affected by gravitational waves through volume distortion and magnification effects. Thus, a gravitational wave background can in principle be probed through clustering statistics of large-scale structure. We calculate the observed angular clustering of galaxies in the presence of a gravitational wave background at linear order including all relativistic effects. For a scale-invariant spectrum of gravitational waves, the effects are most significant at the smallest multipoles (2 <= l <= 5), but typically suppressed by six or more orders of magnitude with respect to scalar contributions for currently allowed amplitudes of the inflationary gravitational wave background. We also discuss the most relevant second-order terms, corresponding to the distortion of tracer correlation functions by gravitational waves. These provide a natural application of the approach recently developed in arXiv:1204.3625.