标题： 具有粒子生成的涌现宇宙 显示英文标题

标题： Emergent Universe with particle production

摘要： 展示了一种可能的宇宙涌现解，该解允许通过引力场的消耗不可逆地产生物质，从而满足爱因斯坦场方程。 当宇宙被选为空间平坦的FRW时空，并采用[17]中提出的状态方程时，当表观物质产生率与数密度乘以哈勃参数的比值是一个时间无关且数量级为1的常数$\beta$时，该解存在。 此解的热力学行为也得到了确定。 有趣的是，当我们选择物质产生率为常数时，宇宙涌现情景在通常的宇宙学状态方程下也存在。 还讨论了更一般的宇宙涌现解类。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The possibility of an emergent universe solution to Einstein's field equations allowing for an irreversible creation of matter at the expense of the gravitational field is shown. With the universe being chosen as spatially flat FRW spacetime together with equation of state proposed in [17], the solution exists when the ratio of the phenomenological matter creation rate to the number density times the Hubble parameter is a number $\beta$ of the order of unity and independent of time. The thermodynamic behaviour is also determined for this solution. Interestingly, we also find that an emergent universe scenario is present with usual equation of state in cosmology when the matter creation rate is chosen to be a constant. More general class of emergent universe solutions are also discussed.