标题： 利用多光谱激光雷达检测和量化火星上的挥发物 显示英文标题

标题： Detection and Quantification of Volatiles at Mars using a multispectral LIDAR

摘要： 我们提出了一种利用偏振敏感多光谱lidar来绘制火星表面和大气中挥发物的季节分布及交换的概念。 该lidar仪器将是一种多波长、高度分辨的主动近红外（NIR，包含1.6微米附近的10个波段）仪器，用于测量行星表面和大气反射强度和后向散射辐射的偏振特性。 该提出的仪器非常适合用于火星任务，以全面研究挥发物和气溶胶的性质及其季节分布。 该研究将包括大气尘埃和凝聚挥发物的丰度、地表和云/气溶胶颗粒的大小和形状、冰和尘埃粒子的微观物理特性，以及在极夜和白天多个过顶本地时间的的大气化学变化。 这种仪器非常适合于绘制和检测最近在火星极地区域发现的CO2霜冻现象和H2O和CO2降水事件。 本文我们讨论了该仪器用于检测和绘制由Brown等人（2016）使用火星勘测轨道器上的CRISM被动红外传感器发现的升华/沉积“模式翻转”的适用性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present a concept for using a polarization sensitive multispectral lidar to map the seasonal distribution and exchange of volatiles among the reservoirs of the Martian surface and atmosphere. The LIDAR instrument will be a multi-wavelength, altitude-resolved, active near-infrared (NIR, with 10 bands around 1.6 microns) instrument to measure the reflected intensity and polarization of backscattered radiation from planetary surfaces and atmospheres. The proposed instrument would be ideally suited for a mission to Mars to comprehensively investigate the nature and seasonal distributions of volatiles and aerosols. The investigation would include the abundance of atmospheric dust and condensed volatiles, surface and cloud/aerosol grain sizes and shapes, ice and dust particle microphysics and also variations in atmospheric chemistry during multiple overflight local times throughout polar night and day. Such an instrument would be ideal for mapping and detection of recently detected CO2 frost phenomena and H2O and CO2 precipitation events in the polar regions of Mars. Herein we discuss the applicability of this instrument to detect and map sublimation/deposition 'mode flips' recently discovered by Brown et al. (2016) using the CRISM passive infrared sensor on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.