标题： 引力波物理 显示英文标题

标题： The Gravitational-Wave Physics

摘要： 激光干涉引力波天文台对引力波的直接探测标志着引力波天文学和引力波宇宙学时代的到来。预计目前存在以及计划中的引力波探测器将会探测到越来越多的引力波事件。引力波为我们探索宇宙打开了一扇新的窗口，通过引力波探测结合其他的宇宙学探针，各种奥秘将会被揭示。引力波物理不仅与引力理论相关，还与基础物理、宇宙学和天体物理学紧密相连。本文综述了三种引力波源及其相关的物理现象，即宇宙暴胀和预热阶段产生的引力波、随着宇宙冷却发生的第零级相变所产生的引力波，以及由致密双星系统的旋近、合并和ringdown三个阶段产生的引力波。我们还将讨论引力波作为标准 sirens 探索宇宙演化的作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The direct detection of gravitational wave by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory indicates the coming of the era of gravitational-wave astronomy and gravitational-wave cosmology. It is expected that more and more gravitational-wave events will be detected by currently existing and planned gravitational-wave detectors. The gravitational waves open a new window to explore the Universe and various mysteries will be disclosed through the gravitational-wave detection, combined with other cosmological probes. The gravitational-wave physics is not only related to gravitation theory, but also is closely tied to fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this review article, three kinds of sources of gravitational waves and relevant physics will be discussed, namely gravitational waves produced during the inflation and preheating phases of the Universe, the gravitational waves produced during the first-order phase transition as the Universe cools down and the gravitational waves from the three phases: inspiral, merger and ringdown of a compact binary system, respectively. We will also discuss the gravitational waves as a standard siren to explore the evolution of the Universe.