标题： 三维孤波在向列相中具有可电调传播方向 显示英文标题

标题： Three-dimensional solitary waves with electrically tunable direction of propagation in nematics

摘要： 稳定多维孤立波的产生是现代科学中的一个重大挑战。 控制它们的传播是一个更困难的问题。 在本工作中，我们展示了在向列相中三维孤立波，其轨迹可以在与电场垂直的平面内被电场引导。 引导不会改变基态的性质，基态仍然保持均匀。 这些局部波被称为指向器子弹，它们是(3+2)D类型的非拓扑保护多维孤子，相对于背景分子指向器显示出前后和左右不对称性；对称性由电场控制。 除了通过增加传播方向的一个完整维度带来根本性的新奇性外，这些孤子可能在信息和微货物的定向传递等方面带来应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Production of stable multidimensional solitary waves is a grand challenge in modern science. Steering their propagation is an even harder problem. In this work we demonstrate three-dimensional solitary waves in a nematic, trajectories of which can be steered by the electric field in a plane perpendicular to the field. The steering does not modify the properties of the ground state that remains uniform. These localized waves, called director bullets, are topologically unprotected multidimensional solitons of (3+2)D type that show fore-aft and right-left asymmetry with respect to the background molecular director; the symmetry is controlled by the field. Besides bringing a fundamental novelty by adding a whole dimension to the propagation direction, the solitons can lead to applications such as targeted delivery of information and micro-cargo.