标题： 用量子受限的铁磁腔搜索轴子 显示英文标题

标题： Axion search with a quantum-limited ferromagnetic haloscope

摘要： 铁磁轴子腔实验通过利用轴子与电子自旋的相互作用来搜寻以轴子形式存在的暗物质。 它由一个轴子到电磁场的转换器与一个灵敏的射频探测器耦合组成。 前者是一种光子-磁振子混合系统，后者基于量子受限的约瑟夫森参量放大器。 该混合系统由十个直径为2.1毫米的YIG球体组成，这些球体通过静态磁场耦合到单一微波谐振腔模式上。 我们的装置是有史以来最灵敏的射频自旋磁力计。 在9小时积分时间内，最小可探测场强为$5.5\times10^{-19}\,$特斯拉，对应于95%置信水平下轴子-电子耦合常数的限制值$g_{aee}\le1.7\times10^{-11}$。 我们腔实验的科学运行在大约120兆赫的频率范围内，得到了暗物质-轴子与电子耦合常数的最佳限制，对应的轴子质量范围为$42.4$至$43.1\,\mu$电子伏特。 这也是第一个通过改变静态磁场来进行轴子质量扫描的设备。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A ferromagnetic axion haloscope searches for Dark Matter in the form of axions by exploiting their interaction with electronic spins. It is composed of an axion-to-electromagnetic field transducer coupled to a sensitive rf detector. The former is a photon-magnon hybrid system, and the latter is based on a quantum-limited Josephson parametric amplifier. The hybrid system consists of ten 2.1 mm diameter YIG spheres coupled to a single microwave cavity mode by means of a static magnetic field. Our setup is the most sensitive rf spin-magnetometer ever realized. The minimum detectable field is $5.5\times10^{-19}\,$T with 9 h integration time, corresponding to a limit on the axion-electron coupling constant $g_{aee}\le1.7\times10^{-11}$ at 95% CL. The scientific run of our haloscope resulted in the best limit on DM-axions to electron coupling constant in a frequency span of about 120 MHz, corresponding to the axion mass range $42.4$-$43.1\,\mu$eV. This is also the first apparatus to perform an axion mass scanning by changing the static magnetic field.