标题： 通过可编程编织的ExoSkin矫形器增强膝关节生物力学 显示英文标题

标题： Augmenting knee biomechanics through programmable knitted ExoSkin orthoses

摘要： 大量人口遭受导致膝盖疼痛和日常任务困难的损伤或疾病。 市售的膝部支具通常用于治疗这些病症，但它们忽略了用户特定的关节几何结构和/或生物力学需求。 它们通常使用会导致不适的材料制成。 我们探讨如何利用编织织物的丰富可编程性来增强人体生物力学同时促进舒适度。 在这一研究中，我们定义了\emph{外衣皮肤}，一类无动力外骨骼，它们是轻便、舒适、类似服装的设备，基于用户和关节特定需求设计。 尽管我们预见了 ExoSkin 设计的广阔空间（例如，包含主动材料，具有传感功能），但在本研究中，我们专注于针织几何结构和被动支具中可编程弹性之间的相互作用，以增强膝盖的旋转刚度。 我们设计了几何编程的 ExoSkins，简称为\emph{G-PExos}，它们利用四种类型编织织物的各向异性，在不需要刚性材料的情况下为关节扭矩提供高刚度。 我们的研究结果表明，G-PExos 可以实现与市售支具相当的旋转刚度，并且还可以调整以实现更广泛的旋转刚度范围，而不会牺牲用户的舒适度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A large subset of the population suffers injury or disease that causes knee pain and difficulty navigating day-to-day tasks. Off-the-shelf knee orthoses that are commonly used to treat these ailments overlook user-specific joint geometry and/or biomechanical needs. They can often be made with materials that lead to discomfort. We explore how the rich programmability of knitted fabrics can be harnessed to augment human biomechanics while promoting comfort. In this pursuit, we define \emph{ExoSkins}, a class of unpowered exoskeletons that are lightweight, comfortable, garment-like devices, and are designed based on user- and joint-specific needs. Although we foresee an expansive space for ExoSkin design (e.g., containing active materials, with sensing capabilities), in this study we focus on the interplay between knit geometry and programmable elasticity in passive orthoses as a means to augment the knee's rotational stiffness. We design geometrically-programmed ExoSkins, abbreviated \emph{G-PExos}, that capitalize on the anisotropies of four types of knitted fabric to provide high stiffness for joint torque without the need for rigid materials. Our findings indicate that G-PExos can achieve rotational stiffness of similar magnitude to off-the-shelf orthoses and can also be tuned to achieve a much broader range of rotational stiffness without sacrificing comfort to the user.