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[1] arXiv:2508.04951 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 用于利用GPU计算的任意波形实时多普勒和电离层色散校正技术 显示英文标题

标题： Real-Time Doppler and Ionospheric Dispersion Correction Techniques for Arbitrary Waveforms Utilizing GPU Compute

Daniel J. Vickers, A. H. Mack, Idahosa A. Osaretin

评论： 这是作者的预印本版本，该作品将提交给IEEE Access

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

雷达数字信号处理的一般要求是电离层失真和多普勒色散校正，这在历史上需要雷达专用硬件来实时实现。 尽管模拟解决方案计算效率高，但它们通常会带来系统设计上的缺点，限制波形灵活性，并可能导致系统复杂性的整体增加。 随着现代通用计算系统的改进，使用非雷达专用的高性能计算实现实时数字信号处理变得越来越可行。 在本文中，我们对任意波形的雷达数字信号处理中的通用多普勒和电离层校正算法进行了分析。 我们还包括了这些算法在软件中高效实现的考虑因素，特别是使用GPU硬件。 该分析包括执行时间和误差校正精度等性能指标。 我们还提供了在雷达信号处理中应用的建议。 我们确定了两种色散校正算法：一种基于FFT的电离层色散方法和一种通过sinc插值的数值插值方法用于多普勒色散。 这两种算法能够以与波形特定的解析方法相当的精度补偿色散，并且能够在单个NVIDIA H100 GPU上实时执行。 这些方法与波形无关，并直接应用于样本，提高了系统灵活性，并使其易于集成到现有的软件定义无线电系统中。 显示英文摘要

General requirements for radar digital signal processing are ionospheric distortion and Doppler dispersion correction, which has historically required radar-specific hardware to implement in real time. Although analog solutions are computationally efficient, they often come with system design drawbacks which limit waveform flexibility and can result in an overall increase of system complexity. With improvements in modern general compute systems, real-time digital signal processing is becoming more realizable using non-radar-specific high-performance compute. In this paper, we present an analysis of general Doppler and ionospheric correction algorithms for arbitrary waveforms for radar digital signal processing. We also include considerations for efficient implementation of these algorithms in software, specifically using GPU hardware. This analysis includes metrics of performance such as execution time and error correction accuracy. We also provide recommendations for application in radar signal processing. We identify two algorithms for dispersion correction: an FFT-based method for ionospheric dispersion and a numerical interpolation method via sinc interpolation for Doppler dispersion. Both of these algorithms are able to compensate for dispersion equivalent in accuracy to waveform-specific analytical methods and were able to be performed in real-time on a single NVIDIA H100 GPU. These methods are waveform agnostic and applied directly to the samples, improving system flexibility and making them easy to incorporate into existing software-defined radio systems.

[2] arXiv:2508.04964 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 具有分布式可重构智能超表面天线的抗干扰感知 显示英文标题

标题： Anti-Jamming Sensing with Distributed Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurface Antennas

Zhaowei Wang, Yunsong Huang, Weicheng Liu, Hui-Ming Wang

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP) ; 信息论 (cs.IT) ; 机器学习 (cs.LG)

利用射频（RF）信号进行无线传感引起了越来越多的关注。 然而，无线电环境是不可预测的，并且常常不利，传统RF传感方法的传感精度经常受到从发射器到接收器的不良传播信道的影响，例如衰落和噪声。 在本文中，我们提出采用分布式可重构智能超表面天线（RIMSA）来检测在不同位置部署多个RIMSA接收器（RIMSA Rxs）的物体的存在和位置。 通过编程其波束成形模式，RIMSA Rxs可以增强接收到的信号质量。 RF传感问题被建模为波束成形模式和接收到的信号到传感结果映射的联合优化问题。 为了解决这一挑战，我们引入了一种深度强化学习（DRL）算法，旨在计算最优的波束成形模式，并引入了一个神经网络，旨在将接收到的信号转换为传感结果。 此外，恶意攻击者可能会发起干扰攻击以破坏传感过程。 为了在干扰环境中实现有效的传感，我们设计了一个综合损失函数，考虑了接收到信号的信干噪比（SINR）。 仿真结果表明，所提出的分布式RIMSA系统相比集中式实现能够实现更高效的传感性能并更好地克服环境影响。 此外，所介绍的方法即使在干扰攻击下也能确保高精度的传感性能。 显示英文摘要

The utilization of radio frequency (RF) signals for wireless sensing has garnered increasing attention. However, the radio environment is unpredictable and often unfavorable, the sensing accuracy of traditional RF sensing methods is often affected by adverse propagation channels from the transmitter to the receiver, such as fading and noise. In this paper, we propose employing distributed Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurface Antennas (RIMSA) to detect the presence and location of objects where multiple RIMSA receivers (RIMSA Rxs) are deployed on different places. By programming their beamforming patterns, RIMSA Rxs can enhance the quality of received signals. The RF sensing problem is modeled as a joint optimization problem of beamforming pattern and mapping of received signals to sensing outcomes. To address this challenge, we introduce a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm aimed at calculating the optimal beamforming patterns and a neural network aimed at converting received signals into sensing outcomes. In addition, the malicious attacker may potentially launch jamming attack to disrupt sensing process. To enable effective sensing in interferenceprone environment, we devise a combined loss function that takes into account the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) of the received signals. The simulation results show that the proposed distributed RIMSA system can achieve more efficient sensing performance and better overcome environmental influences than centralized implementation. Furthermore, the introduced method ensures high-accuracy sensing performance even under jamming attack.

[3] arXiv:2508.04978 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 局部核方法在信号处理中的应用 显示英文标题

标题： Localized Kernel Methods for Signal Processing

Sippanon Kitimoon

评论： 博士论文

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本论文提出了两种信号处理方法，利用专门设计的局部内核在噪声条件下进行参数恢复。 第一种方法解决了多维指数模型中频率和振幅的估计问题。 它使用局部三角多项式内核来检测多变量频率，随后进行更详细的参数估计。 我们将该方法与MUSIC和ESPRIT进行了比较，这两种是广泛用于估计指数信号参数的经典子空间算法。 在单变量情况下，该方法在低信噪比下优于MUSIC和ESPRIT。 对于多变量情况，我们开发了一种逐坐标投影和配准方法，使用显著较少的样本实现了高恢复精度。 第二种方法专注于从时间局部信号段中分离线性调频成分。 构建了信号分离算子（SSO）的一种变体，使用局部内核。 通过基于FFT的滤波获得瞬时频率估计，然后进行聚类并用分段线性回归拟合。 该方法无需事先知道成分数量，并且在信噪比低至-30 dB的情况下被证明能够恢复交叉和不连续的调频信号。 这两种方法都基于局部内核和高效的基于FFT的实现，且都不需要子空间分解或稀疏正则化。 实验结果证实了所提出方法在各种模拟数据条件下的鲁棒性和可行性。 潜在的扩展包括应用于非线性调频、自适应内核设计以及使用提取特征进行信号分类。 显示英文摘要

This dissertation presents two signal processing methods using specially designed localized kernels for parameter recovery under noisy condition. The first method addresses the estimation of frequencies and amplitudes in multidimensional exponential models. It utilizes localized trigonometric polynomial kernels to detect the multivariate frequencies, followed by a more detailed parameter estimation. We compare our method with MUSIC and ESPRIT, which are classical subspace-based algorithms widely used for estimating the parameters of exponential signals. In the univariate case, the method outperforms MUSIC and ESPRIT under low signal-to-noise ratios. For the multivariate case, we develop a coordinate-wise projection and registration approach that achieves high recovery accuracy using significantly fewer samples than other methods. The second method focuses on separating linear chirp components from time-localized signal segments. A variant of the Signal Separation Operator (SSO) is constructed using a localized kernel. Instantaneous frequency estimates are obtained via FFT-based filtering, then clustered and fitted with piecewise linear regression. The method operates without prior knowledge of the number of components and is shown to recover intersecting and discontinuous chirps at SNR levels as low as -30 dB. Both methods share an idea based on localized kernels and efficient FFT-based implementation, and neither requires subspace decomposition or sparsity regularization. Experimental results confirm the robustness and tractability of the proposed approaches across a range of simulated data conditions. Potential extensions include application to nonlinear chirps, adaptive kernel design, and signal classification using extracted features.

[4] arXiv:2508.05080 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 具有不完善信道状态信息的功率受限和量化MIMO-RSMA系统：联合预编码、天线选择和功率控制 显示英文标题

标题： Power-Constrained and Quantized MIMO-RSMA Systems with Imperfect CSIT: Joint Precoding, Antenna Selection, and Power Control

Jiwon Sung, Seokjun Park, Jinseok Choi

评论： 13页，7图

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

为了充分利用基站（BS）的可用功率，我们提出了一种联合预编码、天线选择和发射功率控制算法，该算法适用于BS的总功率预算。 我们制定了一个下行链路多用户多输入多输出（MIMO）速率分割多址接入（RSMA）系统在任意分辨率数字到模拟转换器（DACs）下的总频谱效率（SE）最大化问题。 我们通过定义使用条件平均速率方法的遍历总SE来重新表述该问题，以处理发射端的不完美信道状态信息（CSIT），并通过使用近似技术使问题更易于处理。 然后，我们将问题分解为预编码方向和功率控制子问题。 我们通过识别一个优越的拉格朗日平稳点来解决预编码方向子问题，并使用梯度下降法解决功率控制子问题。 我们还提出了一种更适合大规模MIMO系统的复杂度降低方法。 仿真结果不仅验证了所提出的算法，还揭示了当充分利用BS的功率预算时，具有8-11位的中等分辨率DAC可能比低分辨率DAC更节能。 显示英文摘要

To utilize the full potential of the available power at a base station (BS), we propose a joint precoding, antenna selection, and transmit power control algorithm for a total power budget at the BS. We formulate a sum spectral efficiency (SE) maximization problem for downlink multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) systems with arbitrary-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs). We reformulate the problem by defining the ergodic sum SE using the conditional average rate approach to handle imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), and by using approximation techniques to make the problem more tractable. Then, we decompose the problem into precoding direction and power control subproblems. We solve the precoding direction subproblem by identifying a superior Lagrangian stationary point, and the power control subproblem using gradient descent. We also propose a complexity-reduction approach that is more suitable for massive MIMO systems. Simulation results not only validate the proposed algorithm but also reveal that when utilizing the full potential of the power budget at the BS, medium-resolution DACs with 8-11 bits may actually be more power-efficient than low-resolution DACs.

[5] arXiv:2508.05142 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 基于数字孪生信道的CSI预测：一种环境感知的子空间提取方法以实现低开销和鲁棒性 显示英文标题

标题： Digital Twin Channel-Aided CSI Prediction: A Environment-based Subspace Extraction Approach for Achieving Low Overhead and Robustness

Yichen Cai, Jianhua Zhang, Li Yu, Zhen Zhang, Yuxiang Zhang, Lianzheng Shi, Yuelong Qiu

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

为了满足第六代（6G）移动通信系统在复杂场景下的鲁棒性和高速通信需求，基于感知和人工智能（AI）的数字孪生信道（DTC）技术成为一种有前景的方法，以减少系统开销。 在本文中，我们提出了一种环境特定的信道子空间基（EB）辅助的部分到整体信道状态信息（CSI）预测方法（EB-P2WCP），以实现DTC支持的低开销信道预测。 具体而言，EB被用于表征电磁环境的静态特性，该特性从数字孪生地图中提取，作为预测任务前的环境信息先验。 然后，我们将EB与实时估计的局部CSI融合，以预测当前和未来时间实例的整个空频域信道。 因此，设计了一个基于EB的部分到整体CSI预测网络（EB-P2WNet），以在各种复杂场景中实现鲁棒的信道预测方案。 仿真结果表明，在低信噪比和导频比例条件下，引入EB提供了显著的优势，导频开销最多可减少50%。 此外，所提出的方法对多用户干扰具有鲁棒性，在仅增加0.5 dB NMSE的情况下，能够容忍3米的定位误差，并在1.3毫秒内预测下一个信道相干时间的CSI。 显示英文摘要

To meet the robust and high-speed communication requirements of the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system in complex scenarios, sensing- and artificial intelligence (AI)-based digital twin channel (DTC) techniques become a promising approach to reduce system overhead. In this paper, we propose an environment-specific channel subspace basis (EB)-aided partial-to-whole channel state information (CSI) prediction method (EB-P2WCP) for realizing DTC-enabled low-overhead channel prediction. Specifically, EB is utilized to characterize the static properties of the electromagnetic environment, which is extracted from the digital twin map, serving as environmental information prior to the prediction task. Then, we fuse EB with real-time estimated local CSI to predict the entire spatial-frequency domain channel for both the present and future time instances. Hence, an EB-based partial-to-whole CSI prediction network (EB-P2WNet) is designed to achieve a robust channel prediction scheme in various complex scenarios. Simulation results indicate that incorporating EB provides significant benefits under low signal-to-noise ratio and pilot ratio conditions, achieving a reduction of up to 50% in pilot overhead. Additionally, the proposed method maintains robustness against multi-user interference, tolerating 3-meter localization errors with only a 0.5 dB NMSE increase, and predicts CSI for the next channel coherent time within 1.3 milliseconds.

[6] arXiv:2508.05204 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 基于液态透镜的MIMO VLC系统的成像接收器优化 显示英文标题

标题： Optimization of Liquid Lens-based Imaging Receiver for MIMO VLC Systems

Kapila W. S. Palitharathna, Christodoulos Skouroumounis, Ioannis Krikidis

评论： 本文已被接受在IEEE全球通信会议（GLOBECOM 2025）上发表，该会议将于2025年12月8日至12日在台湾台北举行。arXiv管理员注：与arXiv:2503.10316有大量文本重叠

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

在本文中，提出了一种基于液态透镜的成像接收器，用于多输入多输出（MIMO）可见光通信（VLC）系统。 通过动态调整液态透镜的焦距和方向角度，减少了MIMO信道增益之间的空间相关性，从而提高了误码率（BER）性能。 与静态透镜不同，液态透镜在动态条件下具有适应性，包括用户移动和随机接收器方向。 建立了一个精确的数学框架来建模所提出系统的信道增益，并制定了一个优化问题以最小化其BER。 由于所得信道模型的复杂性，引入了两种透镜调整方案，即（$i$）CLS方案和（$ii$）VULO方案。 数值结果表明，在广泛的随机接收器方向条件下，所提出的基于液态透镜的系统相比传统静态透镜接收器提供了显著的BER改进。 具体而言，当随机接收器方向方差为$10^{\circ}$时，通过采用所提出的液态透镜，BER从$4\times 10^{-2}$改善到$5\times 10^{-4}$。 显示英文摘要

In this paper, a liquid lens-based imaging receiver is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) systems. By dynamically adjusting the focal length and orientation angles of the liquid lens, the spatial correlation between MIMO channel gains is reduced, leading to enhanced bit-error rate (BER) performance. Unlike static lenses, liquid lenses offer adaptability in dynamic conditions, including user mobility and random receiver orientation. An accurate mathematical framework is developed to model the channel gains of the proposed system, and an optimization problem is formulated to minimize its BER. Due to the complexity of the resulting channel model, two lens adjustment schemes, namely, ($i$) the CLS scheme, and ($ii$) the VULO scheme are introduced. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed liquid lens-based system offers substantial BER improvements over conventional static lens-based receivers across a wide range of random receiver orientation conditions. Specifically, at a random receiver orientation variance of $10^{\circ}$, the BER is improved from $4\times 10^{-2}$ to $5\times 10^{-4}$ by employing the proposed liquid lens.

[7] arXiv:2508.05226 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 基于深度学习的车辆ISAC场景动态环境重建 显示英文标题

标题： Deep Learning Based Dynamic Environment Reconstruction for Vehicular ISAC Scenarios

Junzhe Song, Ruisi He, Mi Yang, Zhengyu Zhang, Bingcheng Liu, Jiahui Han, Haoxiang Zhang, Bo Ai

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

集成感知与通信（ISAC）技术在未来的智能交通系统中起着关键作用，通过重用无线信号使车辆能够感知和重建周围环境，从而减少甚至消除对额外传感器如LiDAR或雷达的需求。 然而，现有的基于ISAC的重建方法往往缺乏以足够的精度和时间一致性跟踪动态场景的能力，限制了其在现实世界中的适用性。 为解决这一限制，我们提出了一种基于深度学习的框架，通过使用ISAC信道进行车辆环境重建。 我们首先建立了一个基于真实城市道路场景多模态测量的联合信道环境数据集。 然后，开发了一个多阶段的深度学习网络来进行环境重建。 具体来说，场景解码器识别环境上下文，如建筑物、树木等；聚类中心解码器通过定位主要散射中心预测粗略的空间布局；点云解码器恢复周围环境的精细几何和结构。 实验结果表明，所提出的方法在具有0.29的Chamfer距离和0.87的F Score@1%的情况下实现了高质量的动态环境重建。 此外，复杂度分析证明了该方法在实时场景中的效率和实用性。 这项工作为未来智能交通系统基于ISAC的低成本环境重建提供了一条路径。 显示英文摘要

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) technology plays a critical role in future intelligent transportation systems, by enabling vehicles to perceive and reconstruct the surrounding environment through reuse of wireless signals, thereby reducing or even eliminating the need for additional sensors such as LiDAR or radar. However, existing ISAC based reconstruction methods often lack the ability to track dynamic scenes with sufficient accuracy and temporal consistency, limiting the real world applicability. To address this limitation, we propose a deep learning based framework for vehicular environment reconstruction by using ISAC channels. We first establish a joint channel environment dataset based on multi modal measurements from real world urban street scenarios. Then, a multistage deep learning network is developed to reconstruct the environment. Specifically, a scene decoder identifies the environmental context such as buildings, trees and so on; a cluster center decoder predicts coarse spatial layouts by localizing dominant scattering centers; a point cloud decoder recovers fine grained geometry and structure of surrounding environments. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high-quality dynamic environment reconstruction with a Chamfer Distance of 0.29 and F Score@1% of 0.87. In addition, complexity analysis demonstrates the efficiency and practical applicability of the method in real time scenarios. This work provides a pathway toward low cost environment reconstruction based on ISAC for future intelligent transportation.

[8] arXiv:2508.05380 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 以瞬时时间-频率原子统一常见信号分析 显示英文标题

标题： Unifying Common Signal Analyses with Instantaneous Time-Frequency Atoms

Steven Sandoval, Phillip L. De Leon

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

在以前的工作中，我们提出了一个瞬时时频分析的通用框架，但没有提供如何计算特定瞬时谱（IS）的具体细节。 在本工作中，我们使用瞬时时频原子来获得与常见信号分析相关的IS：时域分析、频域分析、分数傅里叶变换、同步挤压短时傅里叶变换和同步挤压短时分数傅里叶变换。 通过这样做，我们展示了如何使用该通用框架来统一这些分析，并为相应的IS开发了闭式表达式。 这是通过将这些分析视为AM-FM分量的分解，并认识到每种分析在分析过程中都使用了二次啁啾波作为模板的专用（或极限）形式来实现的。 利用一个两参数的二次啁啾波，我们可以将这些IS组织成一个二维连续体，平面上的点对应于与一种信号分析相关的分解。 最后，使用几个示例信号，我们以闭式形式计算了各种分析的IS。 显示英文摘要

In previous work, we presented a general framework for instantaneous time-frequency analysis but did not provide any specific details of how to compute a particular instantaneous spectrum (IS). In this work, we use instantaneous time-frequency atoms to obtain an IS associated with common signal analyses: time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, fractional Fourier transform, synchrosqueezed short-time Fourier transform, and synchrosqueezed short-time fractional Fourier transform. By doing so, we demonstrate how the general framework can be used to unify these analyses and we develop closed-form expressions for the corresponding ISs. This is accomplished by viewing these analyses as decompositions into AM--FM components and recognizing that each uses a specialized (or limiting) form of a quadratic chirplet as a template during analysis. With a two-parameter quadratic chirplet, we can organize these ISs into a 2D continuum with points in the plane corresponding to a decomposition related to one of the signal analyses. Finally, using several example signals, we compute in closed-form the ISs for the various analyses.

[9] arXiv:2508.05479 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]

标题： 基于微瓦无电池无振荡器的Wi-Fi背向散射发射器，重新利用射频信号进行能量收集、通信和运动检测 显示英文标题

标题： Sub- μ W Battery-Less and Oscillator-Less Wi-Fi Backscattering Transmitter Reusing RF Signal for Harvesting, Communications, and Motion Detection

Marco Privitera, Andrea Ballo, Karim Ali Ahmed, Alfio Dario Grasso, Massimo Alioto

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP) ; 系统与控制 (eess.SY)

本文提出了一种亚微瓦特功率的802.11b背散射发射器，以实现同一入射波的三种用途：射频能量收集、背散射通信和位置/运动感知。 移除电池和任何外部运动传感器（例如MEMS）实现了前所未有的微型化和普及程度，不受限制的设备寿命，以及低制造和维护成本。 通过本地振荡器的消除，首次打破了WiFi发射器的微瓦特功率墙，这是通过利用双音入射波的二阶互调提取其频率实现的。 双音方案还使累计的能量收集/传输/感知灵敏度降低至Pmin -19 dBm。 通过将收集到的电压作为接收信号强度（RSS）的代理，实现了位置/运动感知，从而可以相对于共享在室内邻里标签中的音调发生器来感知芯片的位置。 显示英文摘要

In this paper, a sub-uW power 802.11b backscattering transmitter is presented to enable reuse of the same incident wave for three purposes: RF harvesting, backscattering communications and position/motion sensing. The removal of the battery and any off-chip motion sensor (e.g., MEMS) enables unprecedented level of miniaturization and ubiquity, unrestricted device lifespan, low fabrication and maintenance cost. The uW power wall for WiFi transmitters is broken for the first time via local oscillator elimination, as achieved by extracting its frequency through second-order intermodulation of a twotone incident wave. The two-tone scheme also enables a cumulative harvesting/transmission/sensing sensitivity down to Pmin -19 dBm. Position/motion sensing is enabled by using the harvested voltage as a proxy for the Received Signal Strength (RSS), allowing to sense the chip location with respect to the tone generator(s) shared across tags in indoor neighborhoods.

[10] arXiv:2508.05499 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]

标题： 0.6伏，微瓦功率四级OTA，组件最少且负载范围100倍 显示英文标题

标题： 0.6-V, uW-Power 4-Stage OTA with Minimal Components and 100X Load Range

M. Privitera, A. D. Grasso, A. Ballo, M. Alioto

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

一种用于超低功耗应用的四阶段运算跨导放大器（OTA）在本文中被引入。 所提出的电路包括频率补偿，所需的晶体管和无源元件数量最少，克服了传统四阶段OTAs的补偿难题，使其回归到三阶段OTAs的简单性。 同时，所提出的电路实现了高功率效率，这由大信号（小信号）功率效率指标FOML（FOMS）相比先前的四阶段OTAs（亚1 V多阶段OTAs）提高了>3.7X（>11.3X）得到证实。 由于相位裕度对负载电容的敏感度较低，所提出的OTA在广泛的负载范围内保持稳定（如任何三阶段或四阶段OTA一样为双侧），实现了负载电容的最大/最小比值>100X。 显示英文摘要

A four-stage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for ultra-low-power applications is introduced in this paper. The proposed circuit inclusive of frequency compensation requires minimal transistor count and passives, overcoming the traditionally difficult compensation of 4-stage OTAs and bringing it back to the simplicity of 3-stage OTAs. At the same time, the proposed circuit achieves high power efficiency, as evidenced by the >3.7X (>11.3X) improvement in the large-signal (small-signal) power efficiency figure of merit FOML (FOMS), compared to prior 4-stage OTAs (sub-1 V multi-stage OTAs). Thanks to the lower sensitivity of the phase margin to the load capacitance, the proposed OTA remains stable under a wide range of loads (double-sided as in any 3-4-stage OTA), achieving a max/min ratio of the load capacitance of >100X.

交叉提交 (展示 7 之 7 条目 )

[11] arXiv:2508.04714 (交叉列表自 cs.AI) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 基于RAG的处方代理用于自动维护（PARAM） 显示英文标题

标题： Prescriptive Agents based on Rag for Automated Maintenance (PARAM)

Chitranshu Harbola, Anupam Purwar

主题： 人工智能 (cs.AI) ; 计算与语言 (cs.CL) ; 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 多智能体系统 (cs.MA) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

工业机械维护需要及时干预以防止灾难性故障并优化操作效率。 本文介绍了一种基于大型语言模型（LLM）的智能系统，用于处方性维护，其范围超越了传统的异常检测，提供了可操作的维护建议。 在我们之前用于数值数据分析的LAMP框架基础上，我们开发了一个全面的解决方案，将轴承振动频率分析与多代理生成相结合，以实现智能维护规划。 我们的方法将轴承振动数据（BPFO、BPFI、BSF、FTF频率）序列化为自然语言以供LLM处理，实现了高精度的少样本异常检测。 该系统对故障类型（内圈、外圈、滚珠/滚子、保持架故障）进行分类，并评估严重程度等级。 一个多代理组件使用向量嵌入和语义搜索处理维护手册，同时进行网络搜索以检索全面的程序知识并获取最新的维护实践，从而提供更准确和深入的建议。 Gemini模型随后生成结构化的维护建议，包括立即行动、检查清单、纠正措施、零件需求和时间表规范。 在轴承振动数据集上的实验验证表明，该系统能够有效检测异常并提供上下文相关的维护指导。 该系统成功弥合了状态监测与可操作维护计划之间的差距，为工业从业者提供智能决策支持。 这项工作推动了LLM在工业维护中的应用，为各种机械部件和工业部门的处方性维护提供了一个可扩展的框架。 显示英文摘要

Industrial machinery maintenance requires timely intervention to prevent catastrophic failures and optimize operational efficiency. This paper presents an integrated Large Language Model (LLM)-based intelligent system for prescriptive maintenance that extends beyond traditional anomaly detection to provide actionable maintenance recommendations. Building upon our prior LAMP framework for numerical data analysis, we develop a comprehensive solution that combines bearing vibration frequency analysis with multi agentic generation for intelligent maintenance planning. Our approach serializes bearing vibration data (BPFO, BPFI, BSF, FTF frequencies) into natural language for LLM processing, enabling few-shot anomaly detection with high accuracy. The system classifies fault types (inner race, outer race, ball/roller, cage faults) and assesses severity levels. A multi-agentic component processes maintenance manuals using vector embeddings and semantic search, while also conducting web searches to retrieve comprehensive procedural knowledge and access up-to-date maintenance practices for more accurate and in-depth recommendations. The Gemini model then generates structured maintenance recommendations includes immediate actions, inspection checklists, corrective measures, parts requirements, and timeline specifications. Experimental validation in bearing vibration datasets demonstrates effective anomaly detection and contextually relevant maintenance guidance. The system successfully bridges the gap between condition monitoring and actionable maintenance planning, providing industrial practitioners with intelligent decision support. This work advances the application of LLMs in industrial maintenance, offering a scalable framework for prescriptive maintenance across machinery components and industrial sectors.

[12] arXiv:2508.05026 (交叉列表自 physics.optics) [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]

标题： 超越64-QAM的低导频开销OFDM太赫兹链路的相位噪声容忍度 显示英文标题

标题： Phase Noise Tolerance for Low-Pilot-Overhead OFDM Terahertz Links Beyond 64-QAM

Bowen Liu, Takasumi Tanabe

主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

太赫兹无线通信由于其通过丰富未开发频谱实现的前所未有的数据速率而受到广泛关注。 然而，除了64-QAM之外的高级调制格式仍大多未被探索，因为在上变频/下变频过程中引入的相位误差严重限制了系统性能。 特别是，OFDM传输极易受到由相位噪声引起的ICI加剧的影响，这破坏了子载波的正交性。 虽然锁相环（PLL）和导频辅助补偿可以减轻相位误差，但过多的导频开销会损害频谱效率和能耗，且白相位噪声仍然无法恢复。 因此，量化相位噪声容限对于实际物理层协议至关重要。 在此，我们揭示了在64-QAM、2048个子载波的OFDM太赫兹传输系统中相位噪声的影响。 提出了3{\sigma }-误差估计来量化相位噪声容限，表明一个大约为5%的直观EVM阈值。 该阈值进一步界定了相位噪声水平、SNR要求和导频开销之间的权衡。 此外，通过与具有不同相位噪声谱的代表性振荡器进行基准测试，发现微环谐振器（MRRs）是超越64-QAM运行的低导频开销OFDM太赫兹链路不可或缺的使能器。 显示英文摘要

THz wireless communications have garnered significant attention due to their unprecedented data rates enabled by the abundant untapped spectrum. However, advanced modulation formats beyond 64-QAM remain largely unexplored, as phase errors introduced during up/down-conversion severely limit system performance. Particularly, OFDM transmission is highly susceptible to aggravated ICI induced by phase noise, undermining the orthogonality of subcarriers. While PLLs and pilot-assisted compensation can mitigate phase errors, excessive pilot overhead compromises spectral efficiency and energy consumption, and white phase noise remains unrecoverable. Therefore, quantifying phase noise tolerance is essential for practical physical layer protocols. Here, we reveal the impact of phase noise in a 64-QAM, 2048-subcarrier OFDM THz transmission system. 3{\sigma}-error estimation is proposed to quantify phase noise tolerance, indicating an intuitive EVM threshold of approximately 5%. This threshold further delineates the trade-offs among phase noise levels, SNR requirements, and pilot overhead. Moreover, by benchmarking representative oscillators with distinct phase noise spectra, microring resonators (MRRs) are identified as indispensable enablers for low-pilot-overhead OFDM THz links operating beyond 64-QAM.

[13] arXiv:2508.05033 (交叉列表自 cs.IT) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 移动天线辅助通信系统的能效优化 显示英文标题

标题： Energy Efficiency Optimization for Movable Antenna-Aided Communication Systems

Jingze Ding, Zijian Zhou, Yuping Zhao, Bingli Jiao

评论： 本文已被IEEE iWRF&AT 2025接受

主题： 信息论 (cs.IT) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本文研究了考虑移动天线（MA）移动带来的时延和能耗的移动天线系统能量效率优化问题。 我们首先推导了单用户下行通信系统中的能量效率上界，其中用户配备了一个单MA。 然后，提出了一个以优化MA位置的能量效率最大化问题，并基于连续凸逼近提出了一种高效算法来解决这个非凸优化问题。 仿真结果表明，尽管MA移动带来了开销，与传统的固定位置天线（FPA）系统相比，MA系统仍能提高能量效率。 显示英文摘要

This paper investigates the energy efficiency optimization for movable antenna (MA) systems by considering the time delay and energy consumption introduced by MA movement. We first derive the upper bound on energy efficiency for a single-user downlink communication system, where the user is equipped with a single MA. Then, the energy efficiency maximization problem is formulated to optimize the MA position, and an efficient algorithm based on successive convex approximation is proposed to solve this non-convex optimization problem. Simulation results show that, despite the overhead caused by MA movement, the MA system can still improve the energy efficiency compared to the conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) system.

[14] arXiv:2508.05036 (交叉列表自 quant-ph) [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]

标题： Q-DPTS：通过变分量子电路的量子差分隐私时间序列预测 显示英文标题

标题： Q-DPTS: Quantum Differentially Private Time Series Forecasting via Variational Quantum Circuits

Chi-Sheng Chen, Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

主题： 量子物理 (quant-ph) ; 密码学与安全 (cs.CR) ; 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

时间序列预测在数据敏感性至关重要的领域中至关重要，例如金融和能源系统。 虽然差分隐私（DP）提供了理论保证以保护个体数据贡献，但通过DP-SGD进行集成时，由于注入的噪声，通常会损害模型性能。 在本文中，我们提出了Q-DPTS，这是一种用于量子差分隐私时间序列预测的混合量子-经典框架。 Q-DPTS结合了变分量子电路（VQCs）与逐样本梯度裁剪和高斯噪声注入，确保严格的$(\epsilon, \delta)$-差分隐私。 量子模型的表现力使得其对DP机制引起的效用损失具有更强的鲁棒性。 我们在ETT（电力变压器温度）数据集上评估了Q-DPTS，该数据集是长期时间序列预测的标准基准。 我们的方法与经典的和量子的基线进行了比较，包括LSTM、QASA、QRWKV和QLSTM。 结果表明，在相同的隐私预算下，Q-DPTS始终能实现更低的预测误差，表明其具有有利的隐私-效用权衡。 这项工作是对量子增强的差分隐私预测的最早探索之一，为在隐私关键场景中安全且准确的时间序列建模提供了有前景的方向。 显示英文摘要

Time series forecasting is vital in domains where data sensitivity is paramount, such as finance and energy systems. While Differential Privacy (DP) provides theoretical guarantees to protect individual data contributions, its integration especially via DP-SGD often impairs model performance due to injected noise. In this paper, we propose Q-DPTS, a hybrid quantum-classical framework for Quantum Differentially Private Time Series Forecasting. Q-DPTS combines Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) with per-sample gradient clipping and Gaussian noise injection, ensuring rigorous $(\epsilon, \delta)$-differential privacy. The expressiveness of quantum models enables improved robustness against the utility loss induced by DP mechanisms. We evaluate Q-DPTS on the ETT (Electricity Transformer Temperature) dataset, a standard benchmark for long-term time series forecasting. Our approach is compared against both classical and quantum baselines, including LSTM, QASA, QRWKV, and QLSTM. Results demonstrate that Q-DPTS consistently achieves lower prediction error under the same privacy budget, indicating a favorable privacy-utility trade-off. This work presents one of the first explorations into quantum-enhanced differentially private forecasting, offering promising directions for secure and accurate time series modeling in privacy-critical scenarios.

[15] arXiv:2508.05130 (交叉列表自 cs.NI) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： TerarIS NOMA-MIMO 通信用于 6G 及未来工业网络 显示英文标题

标题： TeraRIS NOMA-MIMO Communications for 6G and Beyond Industrial Networks

Ali Raza, Muhammad Farhan Khan, Zeeshan Alam, Muhammad Saad, Ilyas Saleem, Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin, Muhammad Ali Jamshed

评论： 已被PIMRC接受

主题： 网络与互联网架构 (cs.NI) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本文提出了一种联合框架，将可重构智能表面（RISs）与太赫兹（THz）通信和非正交多址接入（NOMA）相结合，以增强智能工业通信。 所提出的系统利用RIS和THz频段的优势，提高频谱效率、覆盖范围和可靠性，这是未来6G网络及以后工业自动化和实时通信的关键要求。 在此框架内，研究了两种功率分配策略：第一种最优地在近端和远端工业节点之间分配功率，第二种优先考虑网络需求以进一步提高系统性能。 进行性能评估以比较总速率和中断概率与固定功率分配方案。 我们的方案在30 dBm时比固定PA的总速率高出高达23%。 仿真结果验证了理论分析，证明了RIS辅助的NOMA MIMO框架在THz启用的工业通信中的有效性和鲁棒性。 显示英文摘要

This paper presents a joint framework that integrates reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) with Terahertz (THz) communications and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to enhance smart industrial communications. The proposed system leverages the advantages of RIS and THz bands to improve spectral efficiency, coverage, and reliability key requirements for industrial automation and real-time communications in future 6G networks and beyond. Within this framework, two power allocation strategies are investigated: the first optimally distributes power between near and far industrial nodes, and the second prioritizes network demands to enhance system performance further. A performance evaluation is conducted to compare the sum rate and outage probability against a fixed power allocation scheme. Our scheme achieves up to a 23% sum rate gain over fixed PA at 30 dBm. Simulation results validate the theoretical analysis, demonstrating the effectiveness and robustness of the RIS-assisted NOMA MIMO framework for THz enabled industrial communications.

[16] arXiv:2508.05558 (交叉列表自 quant-ph) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 联合参数估计与多维校正用于连续变量量子密钥分发 显示英文标题

标题： Joint parameter estimation and multidimensional reconciliation for CV-QKD

Jisheng Dai, Xue-Qin Jiang, Peng Huang, Tao Wang, Guihua Zeng

评论： 18页，5图

主题： 量子物理 (quant-ph) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

精确的量子信道参数估计对于连续变量量子密钥分发(CV-QKD)中的有效信息重合至关重要。然而，传统的最大似然(ML)估计器依赖于大量被丢弃的数据(或导频符号)，导致符号效率显著下降。此外，估计和重合阶段之间的分离可能会引入误差传播。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的联合消息传递方案，在贝叶斯框架内统一了信道参数估计和信息重合。通过利用期望最大化(EM)算法，所提出的方法在解码过程中同时估计未知参数，消除了对单独ML估计的需求。此外，我们引入了一种混合多维旋转方案，消除了对归一化反馈的要求，显著降低了经典信道开销。据我们所知，这是第一篇将多维重合和信道参数估计统一在CV-QKD中的工作，为使用最少导频的高效率重合提供了实用解决方案。 显示英文摘要

Accurate quantum channel parameter estimation is essential for effective information reconciliation in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD). However, conventional maximum likelihood (ML) estimators rely on a large amount of discarded data (or pilot symbols), leading to a significant loss in symbol efficiency. Moreover, the separation between the estimation and reconciliation phases can introduce error propagation. In this paper, we propose a novel joint message-passing scheme that unifies channel parameter estimation and information reconciliation within a Bayesian framework. By leveraging the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, the proposed method simultaneously estimates unknown parameters during decoding, eliminating the need for separate ML estimation. Furthermore, we introduce a hybrid multidimensional rotation scheme that removes the requirement for norm feedback, significantly reducing classical channel overhead. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to unify multidimensional reconciliation and channel parameter estimation in CV-QKD, providing a practical solution for high-efficiency reconciliation with minimal pilots.

[17] arXiv:2508.05574 (交叉列表自 cs.IT) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 多AAV启用的ISCC系统中延迟最小化与可移动天线 显示英文标题

标题： Latency Minimization for Multi-AAV-Enabled ISCC Systems with Movable Antenna

Yiyang Chen, Wenchao Liu, Chunjie Wang, Yinyu Wu, Xuhui Zhang, Yanyan Shen

评论： 6页，6图，该文稿已提交给IEEE

主题： 信息论 (cs.IT) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本文研究了一个自主空中车辆（AAV）启用的集成感知、通信和计算系统，特别关注将可移动天线（MAs）整合到系统中以提高整体系统性能。 具体而言，多个配备MA的AVVs执行感知任务，并同时将生成的计算任务传输到基站进行处理。 为了在感知和资源约束下最小化最大时延，我们制定一个优化问题，联合协调MA的位置、计算资源分配和发射波束成形。 由于目标函数的非凸性和变量之间的强耦合性，我们提出一种两层迭代算法，利用粒子群优化和凸优化来解决该问题。 仿真结果表明，所提出的方案相比基准方案实现了显著的时延改进。 显示英文摘要

This paper investigates an autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV)-enabled integrated sensing, communication, and computation system, with a particular focus on integrating movable antennas (MAs) into the system for enhancing overall system performance. Specifically, multiple MA-enabled AVVs perform sensing tasks and simultaneously transmit the generated computational tasks to the base station for processing. To minimize the maximum latency under the sensing and resource constraints, we formulate an optimization problem that jointly coordinates the position of the MAs, the computation resource allocation, and the transmit beamforming. Due to the non-convexity of the objective function and strong coupling among variables, we propose a two-layer iterative algorithm leveraging particle swarm optimization and convex optimization to address it. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significant latency improvements compared to the baseline schemes.

替换提交 (展示 12 之 12 条目 )

[18] arXiv:2407.21122 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 自由空间通信的阴影区域和自由度 显示英文标题

标题： Shadow Area and Degrees of Freedom for Free-Space Communication

Mats Gustafsson

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP) ; 应用物理 (physics.app-ph) ; 经典物理 (physics.class-ph)

通信信道中的自由度数量（NDoF）从根本上限制了可用于发送和接收信息的独立空间模式的数量。 尽管可以通过对特定配置的信道算子进行奇异值分解（SVD）来数值计算NDoF，但这种方法提供的物理洞察力有限。 在本文中，我们引入了一种简单的解析估计方法，用于计算自由空间中任意形状的发射器和接收器区域之间的NDoF。 在电大极限下，当NDoF较高时，它可以用互阴影面积近似，单位为波长平方。 该面积对应于所有视线方向上区域的投影重叠积分，并捕捉了它们的有效空间耦合。 所提出的估计方法推广并统一了若干先前建立的结果，包括基于Weyl定律、阴影面积和傍轴近似的结果。 我们分析了几个示例配置，以说明该估计的准确性，并通过与传播信道的数值SVD计算进行比较来验证它。 结果为高容量通信和传感系统的设计与分析提供了实用工具和物理洞察。 显示英文摘要

The number of degrees of freedom (NDoF) in a communication channel fundamentally limits the number of independent spatial modes available for transmitting and receiving information. Although the NDoF can be computed numerically for specific configurations using singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel operator, this approach provides limited physical insight. In this paper, we introduce a simple analytical estimate for the NDoF between arbitrarily shaped transmitter and receiver regions in free space. In the electrically large limit, where the NDoF is high, it is well approximated by the mutual shadow area, measured in units of wavelength squared. This area corresponds to the projected overlap of the regions, integrated over all lines of sight, and captures their effective spatial coupling. The proposed estimate generalizes and unifies several previously established results, including those based on Weyl's law, shadow area, and the paraxial approximation. We analyze several example configurations to illustrate the accuracy of the estimate and validate it through comparisons with numerical SVD computations of the propagation channel. The results provide both practical tools and physical insight for the design and analysis of high-capacity communication and sensing systems.

[19] arXiv:2411.01567 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 在线时间-顶点自适应滤波器图拓扑学习：从理论到心室颤动 显示英文标题

标题： Online Graph Topology Learning via Time-Vertex Adaptive Filters: From Theory to Cardiac Fibrillation

Alexander Jenkins, Thiernithi Variddhisai, Ahmed El-Medany, Fu Siong Ng, Danilo Mandic

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP) ; 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 机器学习 (stat.ML)

图信号处理（GSP）通过将数据建模为图上的信号，提供了一个强大的框架来分析复杂、相互连接的系统。 尽管最近的进展使得从观测信号中学习图拓扑成为可能，但现有方法在时变系统和实时应用中往往表现不佳。 为解决这一问题，我们引入了AdaCGP，这是一种针对多变量时间序列动态图拓扑估计的稀疏感知自适应算法。 AdaCGP通过设计用于解决稀疏性、平移不变性和偏差的递归更新公式来估计图移位算子（GSO）。 通过全面的仿真，我们证明AdaCGP在多种图拓扑下始终优于多个基线方法，在GSO估计方面相比最先进方法提高了超过83%，同时保持了有利的计算扩展特性。 我们的变量分裂方法能够以接近零的误报率可靠地识别因果连接，并最小化遗漏边。 应用于心室颤动记录中，AdaCGP比Granger因果等现有方法更有效地跟踪传播模式的动态变化，捕捉静态方法所忽略的图拓扑时间变化。 该算法成功识别了可能维持心律失常的传导模式的稳定性特征，展示了在复杂生物医学系统诊断和治疗中的临床应用潜力。 显示英文摘要

Graph Signal Processing (GSP) provides a powerful framework for analysing complex, interconnected systems by modelling data as signals on graphs. While recent advances have enabled graph topology learning from observed signals, existing methods often struggle with time-varying systems and real-time applications. To address this gap, we introduce AdaCGP, a sparsity-aware adaptive algorithm for dynamic graph topology estimation from multivariate time series. AdaCGP estimates the Graph Shift Operator (GSO) through recursive update formulae designed to address sparsity, shift-invariance, and bias. Through comprehensive simulations, we demonstrate that AdaCGP consistently outperforms multiple baselines across diverse graph topologies, achieving improvements exceeding 83% in GSO estimation compared to state-of-the-art methods while maintaining favourable computational scaling properties. Our variable splitting approach enables reliable identification of causal connections with near-zero false alarm rates and minimal missed edges. Applied to cardiac fibrillation recordings, AdaCGP tracks dynamic changes in propagation patterns more effectively than established methods like Granger causality, capturing temporal variations in graph topology that static approaches miss. The algorithm successfully identifies stability characteristics in conduction patterns that may maintain arrhythmias, demonstrating potential for clinical applications in diagnosis and treatment of complex biomedical systems.

[20] arXiv:2503.18625 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 基于最大似然估计的复数鲁棒中国剩余定理及其快速算法 显示英文标题

标题： Maximum Likelihood Estimation Based Complex-Valued Robust Chinese Remainder Theorem and Its Fast Algorithm

Xiaoping Li, Shiyang Sun, Qunying Liao, Xiang-Gen Xia

评论： 22页，18图

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

最近，提出了一种具有复数模数的多通道自复位模拟-数字转换器（ADC）系统。 该系统通过中国剩余定理（CRT）在低采样率下实现高动态范围复数带限信号的恢复。 在本文中，我们研究了存在余数误差的复数中国剩余定理（C-CRT），其中误差服从环绕复高斯分布。 基于现有的利用最大似然估计（MLE）的实数中国剩余定理，我们提出了一种快速基于MLE的C-CRT（MLE C-CRT）。 所提出的算法仅需要$2L$次搜索即可获得公共余数的最佳估计，其中$L$是模数的数量。 一旦估计出公共余数，就可以使用C-CRT确定复数。 此外，我们得到了快速MLE C-CRT实现鲁棒估计的必要且充分条件。 最后，我们将所提出的算法应用于ADCs。 结果表明，所提出的算法优于现有方法。 显示英文摘要

Recently, a multi-channel self-reset analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system with complex-valued moduli has been proposed. This system enables the recovery of high dynamic range complex-valued bandlimited signals at low sampling rates via the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT). In this paper, we investigate complex-valued CRT (C-CRT) with erroneous remainders, where the errors follow wrapped complex Gaussian distributions. Based on the existing real-valued CRT utilizing maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), we propose a fast MLE-based C-CRT (MLE C-CRT). The proposed algorithm requires only $2L$ searches to obtain the optimal estimate of the common remainder, where $L$ is the number of moduli. Once the common remainder is estimated, the complex number can be determined using the C-CRT. Furthermore, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the fast MLE C-CRT to achieve robust estimation. Finally, we apply the proposed algorithm to ADCs. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing methods.

[21] arXiv:2504.07675 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 动态信道测量的天线切换方案的低复杂度优化 显示英文标题

标题： Low-Complexity Optimization of Antenna Switching Schemes for Dynamic Channel Sounding

Juan Sanchez, Xuesong Cai, Ali Al-Ameri, Fredrik Tufvesson

评论： 本文已提交至《IEEE无线通信汇刊》。14页，6图，3表。

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

理解无线信道对于无线系统的设计至关重要。 对于移动通信，需要使用具有短测量时间的探测器和天线阵列，以同时捕捉动态和空间信道特性。 切换天线阵列是一种有吸引力的选择，可以克服真实阵列的高成本和虚拟阵列的长测量时间。 因此，优化切换序列是必要的，以避免混叠并提高信道参数估计的准确性。 本文提供了对切换序列设计的新颖且全面的分析。 我们首先回顾了传统的时空模糊函数，将其扩展到双极化天线阵列，并分析了在超大规模天线阵列中应用时的禁止性复杂度。 因此，我们提出了一种新方法，利用费舍尔信息矩阵来处理估计精度。 我们还提出通过选择在傅里叶谱中最小化旁瓣的切换序列来最小化模糊性。 从这个意义上说，我们将序列设计问题分为基于傅里叶的模糊减少和基于费舍尔的精度提升，并将由此产生的设计方法称为傅里叶-费舍尔。 仿真和测量结果表明，傅里叶-费舍尔方法在性能上与传统基于模糊的方法相同，但计算复杂度显著降低。 显示英文摘要

Understanding wireless channels is crucial for the design of wireless systems. For mobile communication, sounders and antenna arrays with short measurement times are required to simultaneously capture the dynamic and spatial channel characteristics. Switched antenna arrays are an attractive option that can overcome the high cost of real arrays and the long measurement times of virtual arrays. Optimization of the switching sequences is then essential to avoid aliasing and increase the accuracy of channel parameter estimates. This paper provides a novel and comprehensive analysis of the design of switching sequences. We first review the conventional spatio-temporal ambiguity function, extend it to dual-polarized antenna arrays, and analyze its prohibitive complexity when applied to ultra-massive antenna arrays. We thus propose a new method that uses the Fisher information matrix to tackle the estimation accuracy. We also propose to minimize the ambiguity by choosing a switching sequence that minimizes side lobes in its Fourier spectrum. In this sense, we divide the sequence design problem into Fourier-based ambiguity reduction and Fisher-based accuracy improvement, and coin the resulting design approach as Fourier-Fisher. Simulations and measurements show that the Fourier-Fisher approach achieves identical performance and significantly lower computational complexity than that of the conventional ambiguity-based approach.

[22] arXiv:2505.02611 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 多维参数估计在RIS辅助的MU-MIMO信道中 显示英文标题

标题： Multi-dimensional Parameter Estimation in RIS-aided MU-MIMO Channels

Linlin Mo, Yi Song, Fabio Saggese, Xinhua Lu, Zhongyong Wang, Petar Popovski

评论： 论文已提交至IEEE无线通信快报。版权可能在未通知的情况下发生变化

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

我们通过提出一种双结构和多维变换（DS-MDT）算法来解决可重构智能表面（RIS）辅助的宽带系统中的信道估计问题。 所提出的方法利用信道参数的双结构特性，以帮助经历较弱信道条件的用户，从而提高估计性能。 此外，考虑到信道参数分布在接收张量的多个维度上，所提出的算法采用多维变换来有效隔离和提取不同的参数。 数值结果表明，与现有最先进方法相比，所提出的算法在保持较低复杂度的同时，将归一化均方误差（NMSE）降低了高达10 dB。 显示英文摘要

We address the channel estimation problem in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided broadband systems by proposing a dual-structure and multi-dimensional transformations (DS-MDT) algorithm. The proposed approach leverages the dual-structure features of the channel parameters to assist users experiencing weaker channel conditions, thereby enhancing estimation performance. Moreover, given that the channel parameters are distributed across multiple dimensions of the received tensor, the proposed algorithm employs multi-dimensional transformations to effectively isolate and extract distinct parameters. The numerical results demonstrate the proposed algorithm reduces the normalized mean square error (NMSE) by up to 10 dB while maintaining lower complexity compared to state-of-the-art methods.

[23] arXiv:2505.08642 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 具有硬件损伤的STAR-RIS辅助RSMA网络的鲁棒波束成形设计 显示英文标题

标题： Robust Beamforming Design for STAR-RIS Aided RSMA Network with Hardware Impairments

Ziyue Wang, Xiaoyan Ma, Xingyu Peng, Zheao Li, Jinyuan Liu, Yongliang Guan, Chau Yuen

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本文研究了同时发射和反射可重构智能表面（STAR-RIS）辅助的下行速率分割多址（RSMA）通信系统的鲁棒波束成形设计，其中收发器和STAR-RIS均受到硬件缺陷（HWI）的影响。部署一个基站（BS）以同时向多个用户发送消息，利用STAR-RIS提高通信质量和扩展用户覆盖范围。我们的目标是在确保发射功率、STAR-RIS系数以及所有用户公共流的实际速率约束的前提下，最大化用户的可实现总速率。为了解决这一具有高耦合性和非凸性的挑战性问题，我们采用基于分数规划（FP）的交替优化（AO）方法，其中每个子问题通过连续凸逼近（SCA）和惩罚函数（PF）方法进行解决。数值结果表明，所提出的方案在可实现总速率方面优于其他多址方案和传统被动RIS。此外，考虑到收发器和STAR-RIS的HWI使我们的算法比不考虑这些因素时更具鲁棒性。 显示英文摘要

In this article, we investigate the robust beamforming design for a simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) aided downlink rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) communication system, where both transceivers and STAR-RIS suffer from the impact of hardware impairments (HWI).A base station (BS) is deployed to transmit messages concurrently to multiple users, utilizing a STAR-RIS to improve communication quality and expand user coverage. We aim to maximize the achievable sum rate of the users while ensuring the constraints of transmit power, STAR-RIS coefficients, and the actual rate of the common stream for all users. To solve this challenging high-coupling and non-convexity problem, we adopt a fractional programming (FP)-based alternating optimization (AO) approach, where each sub-problem is addressed via successive convex approximation (SCA) and penalty function (PF) methods. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms other multiple access schemes and conventional passive RIS in terms of the achievable sum rate. Additionally, considering the HWI of the transceiver and STAR-RIS makes our algorithm more robust than when such considerations are not included.

[24] arXiv:2508.04068 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： WiFo-CF：无线基础模型用于信道状态信息反馈 显示英文标题

标题： WiFo-CF: Wireless Foundation Model for CSI Feedback

Xuanyu Liu, Shijian Gao, Boxun Liu, Xiang Cheng, Liuqing Yang

主题： 信号处理 (eess.SP)

基于深度学习的信道状态信息（CSI）反馈方案表现出强大的压缩能力，但通常受限于固定的系统配置，限制了其泛化能力和灵活性。 为解决这一挑战，提出了一种针对CSI反馈的新型无线基础模型WiFo-CF，通过其关键创新：(1) 多用户、多速率的自监督预训练策略；以及(2) 一种共享与路由专家混合（S-R MoE）架构，在统一框架中独特地适应异构配置，如不同的信道维度、反馈速率和数据分布。 支持WiFo-CF的大规模预训练的是第一个异构信道反馈数据集，其多样化的模式使模型在模拟和现实场景中的分布内和分布外数据上都能实现卓越的性能。 此外，学习到的表示有效促进了对下游任务如基于CSI的室内定位的适应，验证了WiFo-CF的可扩展性和部署潜力。 显示英文摘要

Deep learning-based channel state information (CSI) feedback schemes demonstrate strong compression capabilities but are typically constrained to fixed system configurations, limiting their generalization and flexibility. To address this challenge, WiFo-CF, a novel wireless foundation model tailored for CSI feedback, is proposed, uniquely accommodating heterogeneous configurations such as varying channel dimensions, feedback rates, and data distributions within a unified framework through its key innovations: (1) a multi-user, multi-rate self-supervised pre-training strategy; and (2) a Mixture of Shared and Routed Expert (S-R MoE) architecture. Supporting the large-scale pre-training of WiFo-CF is the first heterogeneous channel feedback dataset, whose diverse patterns enable the model to achieve superior performance on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution data across simulated and real-world scenarios. Furthermore, the learned representations effectively facilitate adaptation to downstream tasks such as CSI-based indoor localization, validating WiFo-CF's scalability and deployment potential.

[25] arXiv:2406.17537 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： SincVAE：一种新的半监督方法，使用SincNet和变分自编码器来提高EEG数据的异常检测性能 显示英文标题

标题： SincVAE: A new semi-supervised approach to improve anomaly detection on EEG data using SincNet and variational autoencoder

Andrea Pollastro, Francesco Isgrò, Roberto Prevete

期刊参考： 计算机方法和程序在医学中的应用更新，5：100213，2025

主题： 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 人工智能 (cs.AI) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

在过去几十年中，脑电图（EEG）监测已成为诊断神经系统疾病的重要工具，特别是在检测癫痫发作方面。 癫痫是全球最普遍的神经系统疾病之一，影响大约1%的人口。 这些患者面临重大风险，强调了在日常生活中进行可靠、持续的癫痫发作监测的必要性。 文献中讨论的大多数技术依赖于监督机器学习（ML）方法。 然而，准确标记癫痫EEG波形变化的挑战使得这些方法的使用变得复杂。 此外，发作事件的罕见性导致数据中存在高度不平衡，这可能导致监督学习方法的预测性能不佳。 相反，半监督方法仅使用不含癫痫发作的数据来训练模型，从而避免与数据不平衡相关的问题。 本文提出了一种用于从EEG数据中检测癫痫发作的半监督方法，采用了一种称为SincVAE的新型基于深度学习的方法。 该方法将专用带通滤波器阵列的学习作为变分自编码器（VAE）的第一层，可能消除在预处理阶段识别和隔离信息频段的步骤。 结果表明，SincVAE能够提高EEG数据中的癫痫发作检测能力，并且能够在发作前阶段识别早期癫痫发作，同时在整个发作后阶段监测患者。 显示英文摘要

Over the past few decades, electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring has become a pivotal tool for diagnosing neurological disorders, particularly for detecting seizures. Epilepsy, one of the most prevalent neurological diseases worldwide, affects approximately the 1 \% of the population. These patients face significant risks, underscoring the need for reliable, continuous seizure monitoring in daily life. Most of the techniques discussed in the literature rely on supervised Machine Learning (ML) methods. However, the challenge of accurately labeling variations in epileptic EEG waveforms complicates the use of these approaches. Additionally, the rarity of ictal events introduces an high imbalancing within the data, which could lead to poor prediction performance in supervised learning approaches. Instead, a semi-supervised approach allows to train the model only on data not containing seizures, thus avoiding the issues related to the data imbalancing. This work proposes a semi-supervised approach for detecting epileptic seizures from EEG data, utilizing a novel Deep Learning-based method called SincVAE. This proposal incorporates the learning of an ad-hoc array of bandpass filter as a first layer of a Variational Autoencoder (VAE), potentially eliminating the preprocessing stage where informative band frequencies are identified and isolated. Results indicate that SincVAE improves seizure detection in EEG data and is capable of identifying early seizures during the preictal stage as well as monitoring patients throughout the postictal stage.

[26] arXiv:2412.00082 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： PL-DCP：一种成对学习框架，具有领域和类别原型，用于未见目标条件下的EEG情绪识别 显示英文标题

标题： PL-DCP: A Pairwise Learning framework with Domain and Class Prototypes for EEG emotion recognition under unseen target conditions

Guangli Li, Canbiao Wu, Zhehao Zhou, Tuo Sun, Ping Tan, Li Zhang, Zhen Liang

主题： 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 人工智能 (cs.AI) ; 人机交互 (cs.HC) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

脑电图（EEG）信号在情感脑机接口（aBCIs）中是一种强大的工具，并在情感计算中起着关键作用。近年来，深度学习技术的引入显著推动了aBCIs的发展。然而，基于深度迁移学习的当前情感识别方法面临模型对源域和目标域的双重依赖问题，以及受到标签噪声的影响，这严重影响了模型的性能和泛化能力。为了克服这一限制，我们提出了一种在未见目标条件下用于EEG情感识别的成对学习框架，结合领域和类别原型（PL-DCP），并整合了特征解耦和原型推理的概念。在这里，特征解耦模块提取并解耦情感EEG特征以形成领域特征和类别特征，并进一步计算双原型表示。领域原型捕捉个体之间的变化，而类别原型捕捉情感类别的跨个体共性。此外，成对学习策略有效减少了由错误标签引起的声音影响。PL-DCP框架在发布的数据集SEED、SEED-IV和SEED-V上进行了系统实验评估，准确率分别为82.88%、65.15%和61.29%。结果表明，与其他最先进的（SOTA）方法相比，PL-DCP模型在训练期间目标域完全未见的情况下，仍然比需要源数据和目标数据的深度迁移学习方法表现出稍好的性能。这项工作为情感识别提供了一种有效且稳健的潜在解决方案。源代码可在https://github.com/WuCB-BCI/PL_DCP获取。 显示英文摘要

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals serve as a powerful tool in affective Brain-Computer Interfaces (aBCIs) and play a crucial role in affective computing. In recent years, the introduction of deep learning techniques has significantly advanced the development of aBCIs. However, the current emotion recognition methods based on deep transfer learning face the challenge of the dual dependence of the model on source domain and target domain, As well as being affected by label noise, which seriously affects the performance and generalization ability of the model. To overcome this limitation, we proposes a Pairwise Learning framework with Domain and Category Prototypes for EEG emotion recognition under unseen target conditions (PL-DCP), and integrating concepts of feature disentanglement and prototype inference. Here, the feature disentanglement module extracts and decouples the emotional EEG features to form domain features and class features, and further calculates the dual prototype representation. The Domain-pprototype captures the individual variations across subjects, while the class-prototype captures the cross-individual commonality of emotion categories. In addition, the pairwise learning strategy effectively reduces the noise effect caused by wrong labels. The PL-DCP framework conducts a systematic experimental evaluation on the published datasets SEED, SEED-IV and SEED-V, and the accuracy are 82.88\%, 65.15\% and 61.29\%, respectively. The results show that compared with other State-of-the-Art(SOTA) Methods, the PL-DCP model still achieves slightly better performance than the deep transfer learning method that requires both source and target data, although the target domain is completely unseen during the training. This work provides an effective and robust potential solution for emotion recognition. The source code is available at https://github.com/WuCB-BCI/PL_DCP.

[27] arXiv:2504.15774 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 非主信道接入的建模与性能分析 显示英文标题

标题： Modelling and Performance Analysis of Non-Primary Channel Access in Wi-Fi Networks

Boris Bellalta, Francesc Wilhelmi, Lorenzo Galati-Giordano, Giovanni Geraci

主题： 网络与互联网架构 (cs.NI) ; 信息论 (cs.IT) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

本文旨在提高我们对非主信道访问（NPCA）机制性能的理解，这是一种在IEEE 802.11bn中引入的新功能，旨在提高Wi-Fi网络中的频谱利用率。NPCA使设备能够在主信道被重叠基本服务集（OBSS）的传输占用时，争夺并使用次信道进行传输。我们开发了一个连续时间马尔可夫链（CTMC）模型，在启用NPCA时，该模型捕捉了密集无线局域网（WLAN）环境中OBSS之间的交互，包括新的NPCA特定状态和转移。除了模型提供的分析见解外，我们还进行了数值评估和仿真，以量化NPCA在各种场景下对吞吐量和信道接入延迟的影响。我们的结果表明，在支持该机制的BSS有利条件下，NPCA可以显著提高吞吐量并减少接入延迟。此外，NPCA有助于缓解OBSS性能异常问题，其中低速率OBSS传输会降低所有附近设备的网络性能。然而，我们也观察到权衡：NPCA可能会增加次信道上的竞争，从而可能减少在这些信道上运行的BSS的传输机会。总体而言，所提出的建模方法为分析、优化和指导下一代Wi-Fi网络中NPCA的发展提供了基础。 显示英文摘要

This paper aims to improve our understanding of the performance of the Non-Primary Channel Access (NPCA) mechanism, a new feature introduced in IEEE 802.11bn to enhance spectrum utilization in Wi-Fi networks. NPCA enables devices to contend for and transmit on the secondary channel when the primary channel is occupied by transmissions from an Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS). We develop a Continuous-Time Markov Chain (CTMC) model that captures the interactions among OBSSs in dense Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) environments when NPCA is enabled, incorporating new NPCA-specific states and transitions. In addition to the analytical insights offered by the model, we conduct numerical evaluations and simulations to quantify NPCA's impact on throughput and channel access delay across various scenarios. Our results show that NPCA can significantly improve throughput and reduce access delays in favorable conditions for BSSs that support the mechanism. Moreover, NPCA helps mitigate the OBSS performance anomaly, where low-rate OBSS transmissions degrade network performance for all nearby devices. However, we also observe trade-offs: NPCA may increase contention on secondary channels, potentially reducing transmission opportunities for BSSs operating there. Overall, the proposed modeling approach offers a foundation for analyzing, optimizing, and guiding the development of NPCA in next-generation Wi-Fi networks.

[28] arXiv:2506.15105 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 斜率引起的插入损耗偏差（SILD）和FOM_SILD：用于量化高速通道中P/N斜率效应的指标 显示英文标题

标题： Skew-Induced Insertion Loss Deviation (SILD) and FOM_SILD: Metrics for Quantifying P/N Skew Effects in High-Speed Channels

David Nozadze, Zurab Kiguradze, Amendra Koul, Mike Sapozhnikov

主题： 系统与控制 (eess.SY) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

人工智能工作负载的增加和数据中心需求的增长推动了需要超过200 Gb/s的超高速互连的需求。 随着单位间隔（UI）的缩小，即使几皮秒的P/N偏移也会降低串行器-解串器（SerDes）的性能。 传统的量化偏移的方法在捕捉其影响方面存在不足。 我们引入了两个新的度量标准：1）由偏移引起的插入损耗偏差（SILD）和2）其互补的优值（FOM_SILD），通过分析方法开发以评估P/N偏移的影响。 测量的S参数确认了FOM_SILD的互易性，而224G PAM4 SerDes的仿真显示与误码率（BER）趋势有很强的相关性。 这种方法为分析下一代超高速互连中的偏移提供了一个稳健的框架。 显示英文摘要

The rise of AI workloads and growing data center demands have driven the need for ultra-high-speed interconnects exceeding 200 Gb/s. As unit intervals (UI) shrink, even a few picoseconds of P/N skew can degrade serializer-deserializer (SerDes) performance. Traditional methods for quantifying skew fall short in capturing its impact. We introduce two new metrics: 1) Skew-Induced Insertion Loss Deviation (SILD) and 2) its complementary Figure of Merit (FOM_SILD), analytically developed to assess P/N skew effects. Measured S-parameters confirm FOM_SILD reciprocity, while simulations of 224G PAM4 SerDes show strong correlation with bit error rate (BER) trends. This approach offers a robust framework for analyzing skew in next-generation ultra-high-speed interconnects.

[29] arXiv:2507.21886 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]

标题： 通过呼吸信号的高效疼痛识别：一种单交叉注意力变换器多窗口融合管道 显示英文标题

标题： Efficient Pain Recognition via Respiration Signals: A Single Cross-Attention Transformer Multi-Window Fusion Pipeline

Stefanos Gkikas, Ioannis Kyprakis, Manolis Tsiknakis

评论： arXiv管理员备注：与arXiv:2507.21881、arXiv:2507.21875文本重叠

主题： 人工智能 (cs.AI) ; 机器学习 (cs.LG) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP)

疼痛是一种影响大量人群的复杂状况。 准确且一致的评估对于经历疼痛的个体至关重要，并有助于开发有效和先进的管理策略。 自动疼痛评估系统提供持续监测并支持临床决策，旨在减少痛苦并预防功能退化。 本研究已提交至\textit{第二部分 下一代疼痛评估多模态传感挑战赛（AI4PAIN）}。 所提出的方法引入了一个利用呼吸作为输入信号的流程，并结合了一种高效交叉注意力变换器以及多窗口策略。 大量实验表明，呼吸是疼痛评估的一种有价值的生理模态。 此外，实验表明，当适当优化时，紧凑且高效的模型可以实现强大的性能，通常超过较大的模型。 所提出的多窗口方法有效地捕捉了短期和长期特征以及全局特性，从而增强了模型的表示能力。 显示英文摘要

Pain is a complex condition affecting a large portion of the population. Accurate and consistent evaluation is essential for individuals experiencing pain, and it supports the development of effective and advanced management strategies. Automatic pain assessment systems provide continuous monitoring and support clinical decision-making, aiming to reduce distress and prevent functional decline. This study has been submitted to the \textit{Second Multimodal Sensing Grand Challenge for Next-Gen Pain Assessment (AI4PAIN)}. The proposed method introduces a pipeline that leverages respiration as the input signal and incorporates a highly efficient cross-attention transformer alongside a multi-windowing strategy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that respiration is a valuable physiological modality for pain assessment. Moreover, experiments revealed that compact and efficient models, when properly optimized, can achieve strong performance, often surpassing larger counterparts. The proposed multi-window approach effectively captures both short-term and long-term features, as well as global characteristics, thereby enhancing the model's representational capacity.