标题： 熊彼特经济动态作为进化的可量化最小模型 显示英文标题

标题： Schumpeterian economic dynamics as a quantifiable minimum model of evolution

摘要： 我们提出一个简单的施穆勒经济动态定量模型。 新商品和服务通过现有商品的组合内生产生。 一旦新商品进入市场，它们可能会与已有的商品竞争，换句话说，新产品可能对现有商品产生破坏性影响。 由于这种竞争机制，现有商品可能被驱逐出市场——经常导致二次缺陷的级联（施穆勒式的破坏性风暴）。 该模型导致一种由相对经济稳定阶段随后是市场大规模重组阶段组成的通用动态——这可以被解释为施穆勒式商业“周期”。 产品多样性和生产率的模型时间序列在长时间尺度上再现了经济学时间序列的几个典型事实，如国内生产总值或商业失败，包括非高斯厚尾分布、波动聚类等。 该模型是在一个开放的、非平衡的框架中表述的，可以理解为一个自组织临界系统。 其多样性动态可以通过活跃生产网络的时间变化拓扑来理解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We propose a simple quantitative model of Schumpeterian economic dynamics. New goods and services are endogenously produced through combinations of existing goods. As soon as new goods enter the market they may compete against already existing goods, in other words new products can have destructive effects on existing goods. As a result of this competition mechanism existing goods may be driven out from the market - often causing cascades of secondary defects (Schumpeterian gales of destruction). The model leads to a generic dynamics characterized by phases of relative economic stability followed by phases of massive restructuring of markets - which could be interpreted as Schumpeterian business `cycles'. Model timeseries of product diversity and productivity reproduce several stylized facts of economics timeseries on long timescales such as GDP or business failures, including non-Gaussian fat tailed distributions, volatility clustering etc. The model is phrased in an open, non-equilibrium setup which can be understood as a self organized critical system. Its diversity dynamics can be understood by the time-varying topology of the active production networks.