标题： 土著天文学与现代天文学的进步 显示英文标题

标题： Indigenous Astronomies and Progress in Modern Astronomy

摘要： 从人类学的角度来看，“进步之路”这一天文学发现的整体概念是不可接受的，因为它隐含地贬低了其他文化视角，比如现代世界仍然存在的许多“本土宇宙学”。 通过这样做，人们冒着激怒持有这些观点的人的风险——正如在夏威夷等地最为明显，在这些地方两种“世界观”直接接触时——从而引发对这种进步不必要的抵制。 这个问题因“边缘”和“新时代”观念的存在而变得更加复杂，这些观念越来越多地与本土认知混淆，并被当作本土认知来传播。 在一个公众普遍存在的感知包括许多不符合科学最广泛定义的观点的现代世界里，我将论证，实际上可以从对“真正的”文化世界观的相互了解和理解中获得一系列积极的科学天文学进步的好处，这些世界观的目标——与现代科学的目标一样——是为了让人们理解自己所处的宇宙。 虽然双向教育显然是一个先决条件，但我将论证，现代天文学家只有通过更根本的努力去理解和最终尊重产生其他文化视角的非西方思想框架及其相关遗产，才能实现必要的协调水平。 最明显的潜在好处之一可能来自对天文学自然遗产的共同态度，即黑暗天空。 显示英文摘要

摘要： From an anthropological point of view, the whole concept of a "path of progress" in astronomical discovery is anathema, since it implicitly downgrades other cultural perspectives, such as the many "indigenous cosmologies" that still exist in the modern world. By doing so, one risks provoking those who hold them and-as is most obvious in places such as Hawaii where the two "world-views" come into direct contact-reating avoidable resistance to that very progress. The problem is complicated by the existence of "fringe" and "new-age" views that are increasingly confused with, and even passed off as, indigenous perceptions. In a modern world where widespread public perceptions include many that are unscientific in the broadest sense of the term, I shall argue that there are actually a range of positive benefits for progress in scientific astronomy to be derived from the mutual awareness and comprehension of "genuine" cultural world-views whose goals-in common with those of modern science-are to make sense of the cosmos within which people live. While two-way education is clearly a prerequisite, I shall argue that the necessary level of reconciliation can only be achieved through more fundamental attempts by modern astronomers to understand, and ultimately to respect, both the non-Western frameworks of thought that give rise to other cultural perspectives and the heritage associated with them. One of the most obvious potential benefits could derive from common attitudes towards the natural heritage of astronomy, namely dark skies.