标题： 围绕活跃恒星运行的系外行星 显示英文标题

标题： Extrasolar Planets Orbiting Active Stars

摘要： 每周都会报告新的凌日系外行星的发现。 基于地面的调查以及像CoRoT和Kepler这样的空间观测站负责填补遥远恒星系统中行星的统计空白。 我想讨论恒星活动及其对系外行星发现的影响。 到目前为止，像CoRoT-7b和Kepler-10b这样的小型岩石行星被称为“超级地球”，是唯一的例外。 问题出现了，为什么在超过500颗已探测和验证的行星中，较小的行星数量明显很少。 除了验证小行星是一个引人入胜的任务之外，另一个解释是已经观察到的高恒星活动水平。 恒星活动可以在不同的时间尺度上观察到，从长期的辐射变化，类似于众所周知的太阳周期，到以天为单位的恒星自转，再到以分钟为单位的声学模式的观测。 但非周期性事件，如耀斑或 granulation 的活动信号也可能阻碍对凌日地球大小行星的检测。 我将描述在恒星光度数据中检测类似凌日信号的方法，恒星、观测者引入的影响及其对成功的影响。 最后，将检查不同的数学模型和凌日信号的近似方法对其对恒星活动的敏感性。 我将提供CoRoT数据集中的恒星活动的统计概述。 恒星活动的影响将在不同的凌日行星上进行分析：CoRoT-2b、CoRoT-4b和CoRoT-6b。 恒星活动可能会阻止凌日行星的成功检测，其中CoRoT-7b标志着临界点。 未来任务如Plato将需要提供长期观测，精度达到毫角秒级，以克服我们银河邻域内活跃恒星设定的限制。 显示英文摘要

摘要： New discoveries of transiting extrasolar planets are reported weekly. Ground based surveys as well as space borne observatories like CoRoT and Kepler are responsible for filling the statistical voids of planets on distant stellar systems. I want to discuss the stellar activity and its impact on the discovery of extrasolar planets. Up to now the discovery of small rocky planets called "Super-Earths" like CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b are the only exceptions. The question arises, why among over 500 detected and verified planets the amount of smaller planets is strikingly low. An explanation besides that the verification of small planets is an intriguing task, is the high level of stellar activity that has been observed. Stellar activity can be observed at different time-scales from long term irradiance variations similar to the well known solar cycle, over stellar rotation in the regime of days, down to the observations of acoustic modes in the domain of minutes. But also non periodic events like flares or the activity signal of the granulation can prevent the detection of a transiting Earth sized planet. I will describe methods to detect transit-like signals in stellar photometric data, the influences introduced by the star, the observer and their impact on the success. Finally different mathematical models and approximations of transit signals will be examined on their sensibility of stellar activity. I present a statistical overview of stellar activity in the CoRoT dataset. The influence of stellar activity will be analysed on different transiting planets: CoRoT-2b, CoRoT-4b und CoRoT-6b. Stellar activity can prevent the successful detection of a transiting planet, where CoRoT-7b marks the borderline. Future missions like Plato will be required to provide long-term observations with mmag precision to overcome the limitations set by active stars in our Galactic neighbourhood.