标题： 通过微机械加工表面生成的微气泡实现高效的声化学反应 显示英文标题

标题： Efficient Sonochemistry through Microbubbles Generated with Micromachined Surfaces

摘要： 声化学反应器用于水处理、精细化学品的合成、制药和其他领域。 声反应器的低效率阻碍了其在工业规模上的大规模应用。 在特定位置和时间控制气泡的出现是最受限制的因素。 设计了一种新型的声化学反应器，利用微加工技术来控制微气泡的成核位点。 首先通过将成核位点定位在微腔最活跃的区域来提高效率；此外，在相同功率下，所期望的化学效果明显高于未受控制的情况。 硅基板通过“人工成核位点”或凹坑进行微加工，并放置在微腔底部。 这些凹坑会捕获气体，在超声波激发下，会释放出一连串微气泡。 凹坑中的气体含量不会耗尽，而是通过扩散得到补充，微气泡的释放可以持续数小时。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Sonochemical reactors are used in water treatment, the synthesis of fine chemicals, pharmaceutics and others. The low efficiency of sonoreactors have prevented its massive usage at industrial scales. Controlling the appearance of bubbles in place and time is the most limiting factor. A novel type of sonochemical reactor was designed making use of micro-fabrication techniques to control the nucleation sites of micro-bubbles. The efficiency was increased first by locating the nucleation sites in the most active region of a micro-chamber; additionally the desired chemical effect was significantly higher at the same powers than when not controlled. Silicon substrates were micromachined with "artificial nucleation sites" or pits, and placed at the bottom of the micro-chamber. The pits entrap gas which, upon ultrasonic excitation, sheds off a stream of microbubbles. The gas content of the pits is not depleted but is replenished by diffusion and the emission of microbubbles can continue for hours.