标题： 迈向永恒的转变：科学论文被引用的非线性自催化的增长 显示英文标题

标题： The transition towards immortality: non-linear autocatalytic growth of citations to scientific papers

摘要： 我们讨论复杂网络增长的微观机制，并特别强调这些机制如何能够从对真实网络的测量中得到评估。 作为例子，我们考虑科学论文的引用网络。 与普遍认为的增长由线性优先连接决定的观点相反，我们的微观测量表明，它是由非线性自催化的增长所驱动的。 这使引用网络的无标度假设失效。 这种非线性导致了显著的动力学相变：虽然大多数论文的引用寿命为6到10年，但高被引论文的寿命实际上接近无限。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We discuss microscopic mechanisms of complex network growth, with the special emphasis of how these mechanisms can be evaluated from the measurements on real networks. As an example we consider the network of citations to scientific papers. Contrary to common belief that its growth is determined by the linear preferential attachment, our microscopic measurements show that it is driven by the nonlinear autocatalytic growth. This invalidates the scale-free hypothesis for the citation network. The nonlinearity is responsible for a dramatic dynamical phase transition: while the citation lifetime of majority of papers is 6-10 years, the highly-cited papers have practically infinite lifetime.