标题： 虚拟黑洞，残留物与信息悖论 显示英文标题

标题： Virtual Black Holes, Remnants and the Information Paradox

摘要： 我们重新审视了普朗克尺度量子黑洞，特别是残留物对低能物理可观测量的贡献问题。 只要量子引力保持低能有效场论的对称性，我们发现对量子黑洞或残留物数量的限制非常弱。 通常，我们利用缪子异常磁矩的数据排除了存在超过$10^{32}$个通过引力与标准模型粒子耦合的量子黑洞。 因此，残留物仍然是解决黑洞信息悖论的一种可行选项。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We revisit the question of the contributions of Planckian quantum black holes in general and of remnants in particular to low energy physics observables. As long as quantum gravity preserves the symmetries of the low energy effective field theory, we find that the bounds on the number of quantum black holes or remnants are very weak. Typically we rule out using data on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon that there are more than $10^{32}$ quantum black holes coupled to the standard model particles gravitationally. Remnants thus remain a viable option as a solution to the information paradox of black holes.