标题： 存在系统效应时宇宙微波背景偏振计的最大似然前景清理方法 显示英文标题

标题： Maximum Likelihood Foreground Cleaning for Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimeters in the Presence of Systematic Effects

摘要： 我们扩展了一种通用的极大似然宇宙微波背景极化数据分析的前景估计方法，以包括对仪器系统效应的估计。我们重点关注两种特定效应：频率带测量不确定性以及仪器引起的频率相关的偏振旋转。我们在仪器噪声存在以及银河尘埃的偏振和光谱指数不确定的情况下，评估了这两种系统效应对 $B$-模式偏振信号估计的影响。带宽与偏振角校准测量的不确定性以及尘埃光谱指数和偏振之间的退化会增加提取的CMB $B$-模式功率的不确定性，并可能导致偏差估计。我们在一个实验配置的例子中提供了潜在偏差和不确定性增加的定量评估。例如，我们发现，在10%偏振尘埃、张量到标量比为 $r=0.05$以及EBEX气球载荷仪器配置的情况下，当频率带测量具有5%以下的不确定性且偏振角校准具有高达4$^{\circ}$的不确定性时，恢复的CMB $B$-模式功率谱没有偏差。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We extend a general maximum likelihood foreground estimation for cosmic microwave background polarization data to include estimation of instrumental systematic effects. We focus on two particular effects: frequency band measurement uncertainty, and instrumentally induced frequency dependent polarization rotation. We assess the bias induced on the estimation of the $B$-mode polarization signal by these two systematic effects in the presence of instrumental noise and uncertainties in the polarization and spectral index of Galactic dust. Degeneracies between uncertainties in the band and polarization angle calibration measurements and in the dust spectral index and polarization increase the uncertainty in the extracted CMB $B$-mode power, and may give rise to a biased estimate. We provide a quantitative assessment of the potential bias and increased uncertainty in an example experimental configuration. For example, we find that with 10\% polarized dust, tensor to scalar ratio of $r=0.05$, and the instrumental configuration of the EBEX balloon payload, the estimated CMB $B$-mode power spectrum is recovered without bias when the frequency band measurement has 5% uncertainty or less, and the polarization angle calibration has an uncertainty of up to 4$^{\circ}$.