标题： 太阳黑子纬度分布特征及其与格林尼治前太阳活动的联系 显示英文标题

标题： Characteristics of latitude distribution of sunspots and their links to solar activity in pre-Greenwich data

摘要： 我们研究并比较了两个目录中太阳黑子群纬度分布的特征：扩展的格林尼治目录（1874--2014）和施瓦贝目录（1825--1867）。 我们证明，这两个数据集都揭示了纬度与11年周期振幅特征之间的相似联系：纬度离散度与当前活动相关，而周期最大值时太阳黑子的平均纬度与其振幅成正比。这与我们在之前论文中针对格林尼治目录得出的结论一致。 我们表明，太阳黑子分布的纬度特性比传统的活动振幅指标更能抵抗观测数据丢失的影响。 因此，发现的联系可用于估计观测质量以及对有缺失的格林尼治前数据中的活动水平进行独立归一化。 我们以施瓦贝目录为例来证明这一点。 此外，我们表明施瓦贝数据的第一部分可能在太阳黑子纬度测定中存在错误，导致太阳黑子纬度离散度被高估。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study and compare characteristics of sunspot group latitude distribution in two catalogs: the extended Greenwich (1874--2014) and Schwabe ones (1825--1867). We demonstrate that both datasets reveal similar links between latitude and amplitude characteristics of the 11-year cycle: the latitude dispersion correlates with the current activity and the mean latitude of sunspots in the cycle's maximum is proportional to its amplitude, It agrees with conclusions that we made in previous papers for the Greenwich catalog. We show that the latitude properties of sunspot distribution are much more stable against loss of observational data than traditional amplitude indices of activity. Therefore, the found links can be used for estimates of quality of observations and independent normalizing of activity levels in a gappy pre-Greenwich data. We demonstrate it using the Schwabe catalog as an example. In addition, we show that the first part of the Schwabe data probably contains errors in determination of sunspot latitudes that lead to overestimation of the sunspot latitude dispersions.