标题： 对耀变体 PKS 0048-097 进行九年的多频监测：光谱和时间变化性 显示英文标题

标题： Nine years of multi-frequency monitoring of the blazar PKS 0048-097: spectral and temporal variability

摘要： 耀变体是高度可变的、射电明亮的活动星系核，其喷流方向与视线方向之间的夹角很小。 这些源的观测辐射覆盖了整个电磁波谱，从射频到高能甚至甚高能伽马射线范围。 为了理解这些天体复杂的物理机制，多波段观测以及不同波段之间变化和相关性的研究因此至关重要。 本文分析了PKS 0048-097的长期多频率观测数据，以研究其光谱和时间特征。 研究包括对这个耀变体九年的观测，该源在光学和射电波段已被很好地研究，但在其他频率上尚未被研究。 使用OVRO、KAIT、Catalina、Swift/UVOT、Swift/XRT和Fermi/LAT收集的多波段数据进行了研究。 所进行的分析揭示了所有波段的强烈变化，在X射线波段表现得最为明显。 相关性研究表明，除了V和R波段光学发射之间存在非常强的正相关外，不同波段之间没有表现出任何关系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Blazars are highly variable, radio-loud active galactic nuclei with jets oriented at a small angle to the line of sight. The observed emission of these sources covers the whole electromagnetic spectrum from radio frequencies up to the high or even very high energy gamma-ray range. To understand the complex physics of these objects, multi-wavelength observations and studies on the variability and correlations between different wavelengths are therefore essential. The long-term multi-frequency observations of PKS 0048-097 are analysed here to investigate its spectral and temporal features. The studies includes nine years of observations of the blazar, which is well studied in the optical and radio domain, but not in the other frequencies. Multi-wavelength data collected with OVRO, KAIT, Catalina, Swift/UVOT, Swift/XRT and Fermi/LAT were studied. The performed analysis revealed strong variability in all wavelengths that is most clearly manifested in the X-ray range. The correlation studies do not exhibit any relation between different wavelengths, except for the very strong positive correlation between the optical emission in V and R bands.