标题： 神经丝作为减震器：无序蛋白质产生的压缩响应 显示英文标题

标题： Neurofilaments function as shock absorbers: compression response arising from disordered proteins

摘要： 细胞通过在骨架结构中使用无序蛋白而不是折叠蛋白能获得什么？ 无序蛋白具有多种共存的构象，并且通常包含作为随机行走形状聚合物的片段。 通过X射线散射，我们测量了无序蛋白水凝胶的压缩响应，这些是神经元细胞的主要应力响应成分。 我们发现，在高压缩下，它们的力学行为主要由气体样的立体和离子排斥主导。 在低压缩下，特定的吸引相互作用占主导地位。 这一点通过截断关键短蛋白片段引起的显著水凝胶膨胀得到证明。 因此，松散的无序蛋白形成一种弱交联的水凝胶，并作为减震器，在不发生故障的情况下承受大的变形。 显示英文摘要

摘要： What can cells gain by using disordered, rather than folded, proteins in the architecture of their skeleton? Disordered proteins take multiple co-existing conformations, and often contain segments which act as random-walk-shaped polymers. Using X-ray scattering we measure the compression response of disordered protein hydrogels, which are the main stress-responsive component of neuron cells. We find that at high compression their mechanics are dominated by gas-like steric and ionic repulsions. At low compression, specific attractive interactions dominate. This is demonstrated by the considerable hydrogel expansion induced by the truncation of critical short protein segments. Accordingly, the floppy disordered proteins form a weakly cross-bridged hydrogel, and act as shock absorbers that sustain large deformations without failure.