标题： 纳米线量子点调谐到原子共振 显示英文标题

标题： Nanowire quantum dots tuned to atomic resonances

摘要： 量子点与原子共振频率调谐代表了一个新兴的混合量子系统领域，其中量子点和天然原子的优势可以结合。 将量子点嵌入纳米线中为这些系统带来了许多强大的可能性，例如发射器的精确定位、出色的光子提取效率以及量子点的直接电接触。 值得注意的是，纳米线结构可以在硅基底上生长，从而能够与基于硅的光子器件进行直接集成。 在本工作中，我们展示了在硅上可控生长的纳米线-量子点结构，其频率调谐至原子跃迁。 我们在AlGaAs纳米线中生长GaAs量子点，具有几乎纯的晶体结构和优异的光学特性。 我们精确控制量子点的尺寸及其在纳米线中的位置，并证明发射波长可以在至少$30\,nm$的范围内，围绕$765\,nm$进行设计。 通过施加外部磁场，我们能够将纳米线量子点的发射频率精细调谐至$D_{2}$跃迁的$^{87}$Rb。 我们利用Rb跃迁精确测量了从纳米线量子点发出的光子的实际光谱线宽为$9.4 \pm 0.7 \mu eV$，在非共振激发下。 我们的工作为量子技术带来了高度期望的功能，例如实现了基于任意数量的纳米线单光子源的量子网络，所有源均在原子跃迁的相同频率下运行。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum dots tuned to atomic resonances represent an emerging field of hybrid quantum systems where the advantages of quantum dots and natural atoms can be combined. Embedding quantum dots in nanowires boosts these systems with a set of powerful possibilities, such as precise positioning of the emitters, excellent photon extraction efficiency and direct electrical contacting of quantum dots. Notably, nanowire structures can be grown on silicon substrates, allowing for a straightforward integration with silicon-based photonic devices. In this work we show controlled growth of nanowire-quantum-dot structures on silicon, frequency tuned to atomic transitions. We grow GaAs quantum dots in AlGaAs nanowires with a nearly pure crystal structure and excellent optical properties. We precisely control the dimensions of quantum dots and their position inside nanowires, and demonstrate that the emission wavelength can be engineered over the range of at least $30\,nm$ around $765\,nm$. By applying an external magnetic field we are able to fine tune the emission frequency of our nanowire quantum dots to the $D_{2}$ transition of $^{87}$Rb. We use the Rb transitions to precisely measure the actual spectral linewidth of the photons emitted from a nanowire quantum dot to be $9.4 \pm 0.7 \mu eV$, under non-resonant excitation. Our work brings highly-desirable functionalities to quantum technologies, enabling, for instance, a realization of a quantum network, based on an arbitrary number of nanowire single-photon sources, all operating at the same frequency of an atomic transition.