标题： 相对论天文学。 二。 运动的在轨求解与狭义相对论光行差的检验 显示英文标题

标题： Relativistic Astronomy. II. In-Flight Solution of Motion and Test of Special Relativity Light Aberration

摘要： 突破星shot项目旨在以$\sim0.2c$的速度将厘米级、克级的“StarChip”探测器送往半人马座α星。 另一方面，张和李最近提出，可以向任何方向发送超相对论相机，以研究天体并检验狭义相对论。 要进行这种“相对论天文学”，需要解决探测器在飞行中的运动问题。 我们通过比较地球静止参考系和探测器共动参考系中观测到的三个或更多点源的位置，来解决探测器的运动（包括运动方向和速度）。 当考虑到足够多的点源位置时，探测器的运动可以被解决，其误差甚至小于超相对论相机的衍射极限。 在解决运动后，当引入对额外点源位置的测量时，可以利用这些数据来检验狭义相对论中的光行差效应。 光子质量的上限可以从光行差的偏差中得出，略低于光子的能量，例如： $\sim 1 \rm {eV}$。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Breakthrough Starshot project aims to send centimeter-sized, gram-scale "StarChip" probes to Alpha Centauri at a speed of $\sim0.2c$. On the other hand, Zhang \& Li recently proposed that trans-relativistic cameras may be sent to any direction to study astronomical objects and test special relativity. To conduct such "relativistic astronomy", one needs to solve the motion of the probe in flight. We solve the motion of the probe (including the moving direction and the velocity) by comparing the positions of three or more point sources observed in the Earth rest frame and in the probe's comoving frame. When the positions of enough point sources are taken into account, the motion of the probe can be solved with an error which is even smaller than the diffraction limit of the transrelativistic camera. After solving the motion, when the measurement of the position of an additional point source is introduced, one can use the data to test the light aberration effect in special relativity. The upper limit of the photon mass can be placed from the deviation of aberration to slightly lower than the energy of the photon, e.g. $\sim 1 \rm {eV}$.