标题： 在不了解物体位置的情况下实现接近量子极限的超分辨率成像 显示英文标题

标题： Approaching Quantum Limited Super-Resolution Imaging without Prior Knowledge of the Object Location

摘要： 近期发现的一类接收器可以在检测之前将光场解复用为一组正交的空间模式，这可以在简单的非相干成像任务中超越经典的衍射极限的空间分辨率。然而，这些模式分类接收器往往对上下文的干扰参数（例如聚类或扩展目标的质心）表现出较高的敏感性，这引发了对其在现实成像场景中的可行性问题，尤其是在几乎没有关于场景先验信息的情况下。 我们提出了一种多阶段被动成像策略，该策略将总记录时间分配给不同的物理测量，以构建所需的先验信息，从而在亚瑞利长度尺度上实现接近量子最优的成像性能。 通过蒙特卡洛模拟，我们展示了自适应两阶段方案的表现，该方案动态地在传统的直接检测测量和二元模式分类接收器之间分配总记录时间。当没有关于目标质心的先验知识时，这种方案在简单估计任务中优于理想的直接检测方法，均方误差改善了一个到两个数量级。 我们的方案可以推广用于更复杂的成像任务，具有多个参数和极少量的先验信息。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A recently identified class of receivers which demultiplex an optical field into a set of orthogonal spatial modes prior to detection can surpass canonical diffraction limits on spatial resolution for simple incoherent imaging tasks. However, these mode-sorting receivers tend to exhibit high sensitivity to contextual nuisance parameters (e.g., the centroid of a clustered or extended object), raising questions on their viability in realistic imaging scenarios where little or no prior information about the scene is available. We propose a multi-stage passive imaging strategy which segments the total recording time between different physical measurements to build up the required prior information for near quantum-optimal imaging performance at sub-Rayleigh length scales. We show via Monte Carlo simulations that an adaptive two-stage scheme which dynamically allocates the total recording time between a traditional direct detection measurement and a binary mode-sorting receiver outperforms idealized direct detection alone for simple estimation tasks when no prior knowledge of the object centroid is available, achieving one to two orders of magnitude improvement in mean squared error. Our scheme can be generalized for more sophisticated imaging tasks with multiple parameters and minimal prior information.