标题： 1965-2019年利克天文台的研究成果 显示英文标题

标题： Research Output from Lick Observatory for 1965-2019

摘要： 从1965年到2019年，即55年期间，利克天文台（LO）的生产力进行了回顾，这一时期始于Shane 3米望远镜成为当时世界上第二大光学反射望远镜，但最终过渡到10米地面光学望远镜的时代。这里使用的生产力度量标准是每年发表的经过同行评审的论文数量，这些论文至少部分基于使用利克天文台位于汉密尔顿山的望远镜所获得的观测结果。提出了指导统计这一指标的标准。已经编纂了一份与利克天文台观测相关的论文目录，并通过NASA ADS图书馆提供。包括所有望远镜在内，天文台的整体生产力在1975年至1982年间经历了广泛的高峰。这一时期也对应于Shane 3米望远镜生产力的高峰。作者网络显示，这一时期伴随着数字探测器系统在LO（特别是在Shane望远镜上）的引入。自1983年起，LO的整体生产力显示出长期下降趋势，但在该下降过程中叠加了两个较小的峰值。一个稍小的峰值出现在1996年左右，这与利用Shane望远镜焦面和光阑焦点处CCD光谱仪的项目有关。大约在2012年出现的第三个较小的峰值可归因于来自加州大学伯克利分校的河外超新星研究的增加。作者网络记录了在这些高峰期使用LO望远镜的加州大学天文团体。记录了第一作者的机构隶属关系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The productivity of Lick Observatory (LO) is reviewed over the years from 1965 to 2019, a 55 yr period which commences with the Shane 3 m telescope being the second-largest astronomical reflector in the world, but transitions into the era of 10 m ground-based optical telescopes. The metric of productivity used here is the annual number of refereed papers within which are presented results that are based at least in part on observations made with the telescopes of LO on Mount Hamilton. Criteria are set forth that have guided the counting of this metric. A bibliography of papers pertinent to observations from Lick Observatory has been compiled, and is made available through a NASA ADS library. The overall productivity of the observatory, counting all telescopes, went through a broad maximum between the years 1975 and 1982. This period also corresponds to a maximum in productivity of the Shane 3 m telescope. An author network shows that this period is attended by the introduction of digital detector systems at LO, particularly at the Shane telescope. Following 1983 the overall productivity of LO shows a net long-term decrease but with two other lesser peaks superimposed on that decrease. A slightly smaller peak occurs around 1996 and is associated with programs taking advantage of CCD spectrometers at both cassegrain and coud\'{e} foci of the Shane telescope. A third lesser peak around 2012 can be attributed to a rise in extragalactic supernova studies originating out of UC Berkeley. Author networks serve to document the UC astronomical communities that were using LO telescopes at these peak times. Institutional affiliations of first authors are documented.