标题： 通过皮埃尔·奥格天文台在超高能下的测量探测强子相互作用 显示英文标题

标题： Probing hadronic interactions with measurements at ultra-high energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory

摘要： 广延大气簇射的特性既来源于引发其发展的原始超高能宇宙射线的质量，也来源于为其提供能量的强子相互作用的性质。 凭借其混合探测器设计，皮埃尔·奥格天文台测量了大气中簇射的纵向发展以及到达地面的粒子横向分布，从中计算出多个参数，并与基于大型强子对撞机数据调整的当前强子相互作用模型的预测进行比较。 目前，关于μ子的产生存在一种矛盾，即测量到的丰度超过了所有预测。 这种差异在质心系能量高达$\sim$ 140 TeV 的范围内被测量到，但无法通过质量组成论证来解决，因为电磁簇射最大深度的测量对其进行了限制。 在此，我们讨论了一系列对强子敏感的簇射观测量及其与模型预测的比较，并简要讨论奥格增强计划新探测器将带来的测量结果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The characteristics of an extensive air shower derive from both the mass of the primary ultra-high-energy cosmic ray that seeds its development and the properties of the hadronic interactions that feed it. With its hybrid detector design, the Pierre Auger Observatory measures both the longitudinal development of showers in the atmosphere and the lateral distribution of particles arriving at the ground, from which a number of parameters are calculated and compared with predictions from current hadronic interaction models tuned to LHC data. At present, a tension exists concerning the production of muons, in that the measured abundance exceeds all predictions. This discrepancy, measured up to center-of-mass energies of $\sim$ 140 TeV, is irresolvable through mass composition arguments, constrained by measurements of the depth of the electromagnetic-shower maximum. Here, we discuss a compilation of hadronically-sensitive shower observables and their comparisons with model predictions and conclude with a brief discussion of what measurements with the new detectors of the AugerPrime upgrade will bring to the table.