标题： 宇宙射线电流驱动不稳定性——重新审视环境条件 显示英文标题

标题： Cosmic-ray current-driven instabilities -- revisiting environmental conditions

摘要： 我们重新审视了与宇宙射线在其源及其附近被限制相关的磁流体力学涨落的增长，以及局地等离子体条件的影响。 我们考虑宇宙射线穿透可能含有中性粒子组分的介质的情况，并探讨高阶宇宙射线各向异性的可能影响。 提出了一种用于计算任意分布和各向异性的色散关系的算法，并提供了幂律宇宙射线分布的一般解。 讨论了强银河宇宙射线源附近的由此产生的不稳定性。 我们认为，在弱电离等离子体中的宇宙射线流消除了解散关系中存在消光带的必要性，这一结论可以通过伽马射线观测得到证实。 强调了需要更多的多尺度数值模拟，因为理解非线性行为至关重要。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The growth of magneto-hydrodynamic fluctuations relevant to cosmic ray confinement in and near their sources, and the effects of local plasma conditions is revisited. We consider cases where cosmic rays penetrate a medium which may contain a fraction of neutral particles, and explore the possible effects of high-order cosmic-ray anisotropies. An algorithm for calculating the dispersion relation for arbitrary distributions, and anisotropies is presented, and a general solution for power-law cosmic-ray distributions is provided. Implications for the resulting instabilities near to strong Galactic cosmic-ray sources are discussed. We argue that cosmic-ray streaming in weakly ionised plasmas eliminates the need for the existence of an evanescent band in the dispersion relation, a conclusion which may be confirmed by gamma-ray observations. The necessity for additional multi-scale numerical simulations is highlighted, as understanding the non-linear behaviour is crucial.