标题： 雅典娜观测的活动星系核电离外流的光谱-时变特性 显示英文标题

标题： Spectral-timing of AGN ionized outflows with Athena

摘要： 时域谱技术已被证明在研究活动星系核（AGN）中X射线冕与吸积盘之间的相互作用方面具有价值。在某些条件下，从AGN中心区域产生的光致电离外流也会影响核成分的可观测时域谱特性。可变的电离通量会导致中间气体发生电离或复合，从而产生随时间变化的吸收光谱。理解这些外流的时域谱特性对于确定它们在AGN环境中的作用以及正确解释其他AGN组分的时域特征至关重要。在本文中，我们测试了Athena X-IFU仪器研究黑洞系统（该系统表现出可变外流）的谱和时域谱特性的能力。我们以窄线赛弗特1型星IRAS 13224-3809作为案例研究。我们的发现表明，虽然吸收介质的非线性响应可能导致时间延迟的复杂行为，但由此导致的相干性降低可以用来限制气体密度和到中心源的距离。最终，建模AGN外流的相干谱可能构成研究外流气体物理性质的重要工具。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Spectral-timing techniques have proven valuable in studying the interplay between the X-ray corona and the accretion disc in variable active galactic nuclei (AGN). Under certain conditions, photo-ionized outflows emerging from central AGN regions also play a role in the observable spectral-timing properties of the nuclear components. The variable ionizing flux causes the intervening gas to ionize or recombine, resulting in a time-dependent absorption spectrum. Understanding the spectral-timing properties of these outflows is critical for the determination of their role in the AGN environment, but also the correct interpretation of timing signatures of other AGN components. In this paper, we test the capabilities of the Athena X-IFU instrument in studying the spectral and spectral-timing properties of a black hole system displaying a variable outflow. We take the narrow-line Seyfert 1 IRAS 13224-3809 as a test case. Our findings show that while the non-linear response of the absorbing medium can result in complex behaviour of time lags, the resulting decrease in the coherence can be used to constrain gas density and distance to the central source. Ultimately, modelling the coherence spectra of AGN outflows may constitute a valuable tool in studying the physical properties of the outflowing gas.