标题： 来自CAMELS模拟的星系际介质：对未来Sunyaev-Zeldovich观测约束反馈过程的预测 显示英文标题

标题： The Circumgalactic Medium from the CAMELS Simulations: Forecasting Constraints on Feedback Processes from Future Sunyaev-Zeldovich Observations

摘要： 重子物质通过星系周围介质（CGM）的循环，在理解星系形成和演化方面非常重要。 在这项研究中，我们预测了当前和未来的Sunyaev-Zeldovich（SZ）观测对加热CGM的反馈过程的限制。 为了约束这些过程，我们使用了一组宇宙学模拟，即机器学习模拟（CAMELS），它改变了两个先前存在的流体力学模拟IllustrisTNG和SIMBA的四个不同反馈参数。 我们用一个代理模型捕获SZ径向剖面对这些反馈参数的依赖关系，计算其导数，并预测未来实验对这些反馈参数的限制。 我们发现，对于Simons天文台观测到的类似于DESI（暗能量光谱仪）的星系样本，所有四个反馈参数都能被约束（其中一些达到$10\%$水平），这表明未来的观测将进一步限制这些子网格模型的参数空间。 根据本工作中建模的星系样本和预测的误差，我们发现内区SZ剖面对约束能力的贡献大于外区剖面。 最后，我们发现，尽管CAMELS模拟套件中AGN反馈参数的变化范围很广，但我们无法重现由重子振荡光谱巡天选择的星系的tSZ信号，该信号是由阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜测量的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The cycle of baryons through the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is important to understand in the context of galaxy formation and evolution. In this study we forecast constraints on the feedback processes heating the CGM with current and future Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) observations. To constrain these processes, we use a suite of cosmological simulations, the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning Simulations (CAMELS), that varies four different feedback parameters of two previously existing hydrodynamical simulations, IllustrisTNG and SIMBA. We capture the dependencies of SZ radial profiles on these feedback parameters with an emulator, calculate their derivatives, and forecast future constraints on these feedback parameters from upcoming experiments. We find that for a DESI-like (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) galaxy sample observed by the Simons Observatory all four feedback parameters are able to be constrained (some within the $10\%$ level), indicating that future observations will be able to further restrict the parameter space for these sub-grid models. Given the modeled galaxy sample and forecasted errors in this work, we find that the inner SZ profiles contribute more to the constraining power than the outer profiles. Finally, we find that, despite the wide range of AGN feedback parameter variation in the CAMELS simulation suite, we cannot reproduce the tSZ signal of galaxies selected by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey as measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope.