标题： 红外倾斜传感：天文观测经验、学到的教训与未解问题 显示英文标题

标题： Infrared tip-tilt sensing: on-sky experience, lessons learned and unsolved problems

摘要： 红外倾斜－偏摆传感器（IR TTS）已被部署在三台不同望远镜上的三种不同的激光导星自适应光学系统中。这些IR TTS得益于近红外高阶环路PSF的锐化效果，因此它们提供了较低的倾斜－偏摆残差和良好的天空覆盖范围。然而，这些IR TTS具有挑战性，并且在自适应光学中的应用受到限制。本文中，我们概述了现有的IR TTS，提供了实际观测性能的结果，并描述了我们使用IR TTS的经验以及未来计划。论文的第二部分讨论了IR TTS尚未解决的挑战。这些包括低Strehl比率情况下的算法和环路稳定性、利用IR TTS测量高阶模式以及在不同亮度的多个导星上引导的问题。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Infrared tip-tilt sensors (IR TTSs) have been deployed on three different laser guide star adaptive optics (AO) systems on three different telescopes. These IR TTS benefit from the high-order loop PSF sharpening in the near infrared, hence they provide a low tip-tilt residual and a good sky coverage. Nevertheless, these IR TTS are challenging and their use in AO is limited. In this paper, we outline existing IR TTS, provide on-sky performance results and describe our experience using IR TTS and along with plans for the near future. The second part of the paper deals with unresolved challenges for IR TTS. These include algorithms and loop stability in the low Strehl regime, using IR TTSs to measure higher-order modes and guiding on multiple guide stars with different magnitudes.