标题： 超轻玻色子暗物质观测中的随机效应 显示英文标题

标题： Stochastic effects on observation of ultralight bosonic dark matter

摘要： 超轻玻色粒子是暗物质（DM）的迷人候选者。由于其高数密度，在我们的银河系中它表现为经典波。已经提出了各种方法来搜索这种波状DM，例如利用干涉引力波探测器的方法。理解DM信号的特性对于从数据中提取DM属性至关重要。尽管DM信号的角频率几乎为单色，但由于DM在我们银河晕中的速度弥散，振幅和相位会逐渐变化。为了准确地从数据中约束DM的耦合常数，应该适当地考虑随机振幅和相位。先前的工作制定了一种方法来获得结合了随机效应的耦合常数的上限。其中一些工作比较了在远短于振幅和相位变化时间尺度的测量时间内，有无随机效应的耦合常数上限。在本文中，我们将他们的公式推广到任意测量时间，并评估随机效应。此外，我们研究了包括速度不确定性的暗光子DM的速度相关信号。我们演示了我们的方法能够通过数值模拟准确估计耦合常数的上限。我们也以半解析的方式估计了未来实验中轴子DM和暗光子DM的耦合常数预期上限。随机性特别是影响小质量区域的限制。我们的公式提供了一种通用处理具有随机效应的超轻玻色DM信号的方法。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Ultralight bosonic particles are fascinating candidates of dark matter (DM). It behaves as classical waves in our Galaxy due to its large number density. There have been various methods proposed to search for the wave-like DM, such as methods utilizing interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. Understanding the characteristics of DM signals is crucial to extract the properties of DM from data. While the DM signal is nearly monochromatic with the angular frequency of its mass, the amplitude and phase are gradually changing due to the velocity dispersion of DMs in our Galaxy halo. The stochastic amplitude and phase should be properly taken into account to accurately constrain the coupling constant of DM from data. Previous works formulated a method to obtain the upper bound on the coupling constant incorporating the stochastic effects. One of these works compared the upper bound with and without the stochastic effect in a measurement time that is much shorter than the variation time scale of the amplitude and phase. In this paper, we extend their formulation to arbitrary measurement time and evaluate the stochastic effects. Moreover, we investigate the velocity-dependent signal for dark photon DM including an uncertainly of the velocity. We demonstrate that our method accurately estimates the upper bound on the coupling constant with numerical simulations. We also estimate the expected upper bound of the coupling constant of axion DM and dark photon DM from future experiments in a semi-analytic way. The stochasticity especially affects constraints on a small mass region. Our formulation offers a generic treatment of the ultralight bosonic DM signal with the stochastic effect.