标题： 财富再分配与互助：使用经济物理学中的等价/非等价交换模型进行比较 显示英文标题

标题： Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison using Equivalent/Nonequivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics

摘要： 鉴于全球财富不平等，迫切需要确定由此产生的财富交换模式。 为解决结合等价交换和再分配模型的研究空白，本研究比较了基于权力中心的再分配等价市场交换与使用波兰尼、格雷伯和胜见俊彦交换模式的非等价交换与互助。 基于经济物理学方法，重构了两种基于多主体交互的新交换模型，用于评估基尼系数（不平等）和总交换（经济流量）。 交换模拟表明，总交换除以基尼系数的评估参数可以使用相同的饱和曲线近似方程来表示，该方程使用财富转移率和再分配时间周期以及富裕者的盈余贡献率和储蓄率。 然而，考虑到税收的强制性及其相关成本以及基于互助道德的独立性，无返还义务的非等价交换更受青睐。 这旨在实现格雷伯的基本共产主义和胜见俊彦的交换模式D，对资本主义经济的替代方案具有意义。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Given the wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study compares an equivalent market exchange with redistribution based on power centers and a nonequivalent exchange with mutual aid using the Polanyi, Graeber, and Karatani modes of exchange. Two new exchange models based on multi-agent interactions are reconstructed following an econophysics approach for evaluating the Gini index (inequality) and total exchange (economic flow). Exchange simulations indicate that the evaluation parameter of the total exchange divided by the Gini index can be expressed by the same saturated curvilinear approximate equation using the wealth transfer rate and time period of redistribution and the surplus contribution rate of the wealthy and the saving rate. However, considering the coercion of taxes and its associated costs and independence based on the morality of mutual aid, a nonequivalent exchange without return obligation is preferred. This is oriented toward Graeber's baseline communism and Karatani's mode of exchange D, with implications for alternatives to the capitalist economy.