标题： 温度在钨中近表面和晶界辐照缺陷演化中的作用 显示英文标题

标题： The Role of Temperature on Irradiation Defect Evolution near Surfaces and Grain Boundaries in Tungsten

摘要： 本研究探讨了温度对钨中缺陷动力学的影响，强调其在核聚变反应堆作为等离子体面对部件（PFCs）的应用。 通过原子模拟，该研究阐明了在室温（300K）和高温（1000K）辐照条件下缺陷产生、湮灭和再分布的复杂相互作用。 它表明，较高的温度显著增加了缺陷的数量和迁移率，导致存活的弗伦克尔对（FPs）总数大幅增加，并且明显倾向于表面分布。 这种再分布归因于由能量梯度驱动的重新定位过程，这在高温下由于缺陷迁移率的提高而得到增强。 此外，该研究发现，高温促进了间隙缺陷在晶界中的偏倚积累，尤其是在有利于间隙迁移的配置中，表明了一种在辐照下减少晶格间隙积累的策略。 这些发现突显了温度在调节钨中辐照诱导缺陷动力学中的关键作用，为设计和选择具有优化辐照抗性的材料提供了宝贵的见解，以用于核聚变反应堆的极端条件。 该研究提出了一种考虑温度效应的材料设计方法，以提高核聚变材料的耐久性和性能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This study explores the impact of temperature on defect dynamics in tungsten, emphasizing its application in nuclear fusion reactors as Plasma Facing Components (PFCs). Through atomistic simulations, the research elucidates the intricate interplay of defect production, annihilation, and redistribution under irradiation at room (300K) and elevated temperatures (1000K). It demonstrates that higher temperatures significantly increase the number and mobility of defects, leading to a substantial rise in the total number of surviving Frenkel Pairs (FPs), with a notable preference for surface distribution. This redistribution is attributed to energy gradient-driven relocation processes, enhanced by the defects' increased mobility at elevated temperatures. Moreover, the study reveals that elevated temperatures promote biased accumulation of interstitial defects in grain boundaries, especially in configurations that facilitate efficient interstitial migration, indicating a strategy for minimizing lattice interstitial accumulation under irradiation. These findings underscore the critical role of temperature in modulating irradiation-induced defect dynamics in tungsten, providing valuable insights for designing and selecting materials with optimized irradiation resistance for use in extreme conditions of nuclear fusion reactors. The research suggests a material design approach that accounts for temperature effects to enhance the durability and performance of nuclear fusion materials.