标题： 硝酸铵（NH$_4$NO$_3$）肥料的绿色合成：通过等离子体水冰与空气和NH$_3$等离子体的相互作用生产 显示英文标题

标题： Green Synthesis of Ammonium Nitrate (NH$_4$NO$_3$) Fertilizer Production: via Plasma Water Ice Interaction with Air and NH$_3$ Plasma

摘要： 本研究提出了一种新颖且环保的方法，利用通过空气和氨等离子体处理制备的活化剂合成硝酸铵。 首先，通过用空气等离子体处理水来产生含有硝酸根离子的等离子体活化水。 然后，将这种等离子体活化水冷冻并暴露于低压NH$_3$等离子体中，引入铵离子以形成NH$_4$NO$_3$。 我们系统地研究了空气和NH$_3$等离子体的电压电流特性，分析生成的物种和自由基以了解NH$_4$NO$_3$形成的机制，并评估过程参数如NH$_3$气体压力、施加电压和处理时间对PAW性质的影响。 我们的结果表明，所有检查的过程参数都对PAW的性质有积极影响。 在这些参数中，NH$_3$等离子体处理PAW冰的持续时间影响最大。 具体而言，当NH$_3$处理时间从0.5小时延长到1小时时，NH4离子浓度增加了134.2%，而NH$_3$压力从0.25到0.55 mbar变化时，浓度仅增加了12.7%，以及施加电压从500到700 V变化时，浓度增加了33.3%。 同样，随着处理时间的增加，pH值、氧化还原电位和电导率的变化比气体压力和施加电压的变化要显著得多。 PAW表现出中性至微碱性的pH值，使其非常适合用于土壤，从而解决了PAW高酸性及其在农业中使用的问题。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This study presents a novel and ecofriendly method for synthesizing ammonium nitrate using activated prepared through air and ammonia plasma treatments. Initially, PAW containing nitrate ions is produced by treating water with air plasma. This PAW air is then frozen and exposed to low pressure NH$_3$ plasma, introducing ammonium ions to from NH$_4$NO$_3$. We systematically investigate the voltage current characteristics of the air and NH$_3$ plasma, analyze the generated species and radicals to understand the mechanism of NH$_4$NO$_3$ formation, and evaluate the effects of process parameters such as NH$_3$ gas pressure, applied voltage, and treatment time on the properties of PAW. Our results indicate that all examined process parameters positively influence the properties of PAW. Among these parameters, the duration of NH$_3$ plasma treatment of PAW ice exerts the most significant effect. Specifically, the concentration of NH4 ions increased by 134.2 percent when the NH$_3$ treatment time was extended from 0.5 h to 1 h, compared to 12.7 and 33.3 percent increases for NH$_3$ pressure, ranging from 0.25 to 0.55 mbar, and applied voltage, ranging from 500 to 700 V, respectively. Similarly, variations in pH, oxidation reduction potential, and electrical conductivity were substantially higher with increased treatment time than with changes in gas pressure and applied voltage. The PAW exhibited a neutral to slightly basic pH, making it ideal for soil applications, thereby addressing the existing issue of the high acidity of PAW and its use in agriculture.