标题： 通过动态调制增强量子参数估计 显示英文标题

标题： Enhanced Quantum Parameter Estimation via Dynamical Modulation

摘要： 在量子理论中，系统与其环境之间的不可避免的相互作用会导致相干性的丧失，并将信息泄露到环境中。 保持系统量子特性的有效方法是将其与环境解耦。 然而，在量子参数估计任务中，情况变得复杂，特别是当未知参数来源于环境时。 在这里，我们提出了一种通用的动力调制方案，该方案能够增强估计精度，而不论所估计参数的来源如何。 值得注意的是，除了动态地将系统与环境解耦之外，我们的方案可以选择系统的有效频率，并进而操控系统的动力学，例如稳态概率和衰减率，这些对环境参数敏感。 因此，量子费舍尔信息显著增加，从而实现了更优越的估计精度。 具体而言，我们通过拉莫尔光谱和量子温度计的典型例子阐明了我们方案的有效性。 我们的发现为提高量子估计过程的精度提供了一种替代途径，并可能在量子计量学的多个分支中具有潜在应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In quantum theory, the inescapable interaction between a system and its surroundings would lead to a loss of coherence and leakage of information into the environment. An effective approach to retain the quantum characteristics of the system is to decouple it from the environment. However, things get complicated in quantum parameter estimation tasks, especially when the unknown parameter originates from the environment. Here, we propose a general dynamical modulation scheme that enables the enhancement of estimation precision irrespective of the origin of the parameters to be estimated. Notably, beyond the capability of dynamically decoupling the system from the environment, our proposal can select the effective frequency of the system and in turn manipulate the dynamics of the system, such as the steady-state probability and the decay rate, which are sensitive to the bath parameter. Therefore, the quantum Fisher information is dramatically increased, leading to superior estimation precision. Specifically, we elucidate the effectiveness of our proposal with prototypical examples of the Ramsey spectroscopy and quantum thermometer. Our findings offer an alternative route to enhance the precision of quantum estimation processes and may have potential applications in diverse branches of quantum metrology.