标题： 量子计算在完全容错之前的相关神话：哪些不可行定理被排除，哪些没有被排除 显示英文标题

标题： Myths around quantum computation before full fault tolerance: What no-go theorems rule out and what they don't

摘要： 在本文中，我们重新审视并批判性评估了关于近期量子计算能力与局限性的主流观点，以及其向完全容错量子计算过渡的潜力。 我们考察了理论上的不可能结果及其影响，澄清了关于量子误差缓解技术及变分量子算法实用性的误解。 通过强调误差缩放、电路深度和算法可行性等方面的细微差别，我们突出了可行的近期应用，以及误差缓解与早期容错架构之间的协同作用。 我们的讨论探讨了应对当前挑战的策略，例如变分电路中的 barren plateaus 问题，以及量子误差缓解与量子误差校正技术的集成。 我们旨在强调持续创新在硬件和算法设计中的重要性，以弥合理论潜力与实际效用之间的差距，为在后期噪声中等规模和早期容错量子设备时代实现有意义的量子优势铺平道路。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In this perspective article, we revisit and critically evaluate prevailing viewpoints on the capabilities and limitations of near-term quantum computing and its potential transition toward fully fault-tolerant quantum computing. We examine theoretical no-go results and their implications, addressing misconceptions about the practicality of quantum error mitigation techniques and variational quantum algorithms. By emphasizing the nuances of error scaling, circuit depth, and algorithmic feasibility, we highlight viable near-term applications and synergies between error mitigation and early fault-tolerant architectures. Our discussion explores strategies for addressing current challenges, such as barren plateaus in variational circuits and the integration of quantum error mitigation and quantum error correction techniques. We aim to underscore the importance of continued innovation in hardware and algorithmic design to bridge the gap between theoretical potential and practical utility, paving the way for meaningful quantum advantage in the era of late noisy intermediate scale and early fault-tolerant quantum devices.