标题： 偏括号，近环，偏环，双环 显示英文标题

标题： Skew braces, near-rings, skew rings, dirings

摘要： 我们引入一种新的观点来呈现与Yang-Baxter方程的集合论解相关的经典概念：左偏环、双环、左偏环。 想法是，在左近环$G$的定义中，将$G$的乘法替换为加法群$G$上的两个运算，一个结合，另一个左分配。 两种代数结构自然出现：左偏环和左弱环，它们的范畴被证明是典范同构的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We introduce a new point of view to present classical notions related to set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation: left skew braces, dirings, left skew rings. The idea is, in the definition of a left near-ring $G$, to replace the multiplication of $G$ with two operations on the additive group $G$, one associative and the other left distributive. Two algebraic structures naturally appear: left skew rings and left weak rings, whose categories turn out to be canonically isomorphic.