标题： 理解大学生对高等教育中GenAI工具的态度和接受度：量表的开发与评估 显示英文标题

标题： Understanding Student Attitudes and Acceptability of GenAI Tools in Higher Ed: Scale Development and Evaluation

摘要： 随着生成式人工智能（GenAI）工具如ChatGPT在高等教育中变得越来越普遍，了解学生的态度对于评估其教育影响和支持负责任的人工智能整合至关重要。 本研究介绍了一种经过验证的调查工具，旨在评估学生对GenAI的看法，包括其在学术任务中的可接受性、对学习和职业的影响以及更广泛的社会关注。 我们对该美国大学的297名本科生进行了调查。 该工具包括六个主题领域：机构理解、公平性和信任、学术和职业影响、社会关注，以及GenAI在写作和课程作业中的使用。 探索性因子分析揭示了四个态度维度：社会关注、政策清晰度、公平性和信任以及职业影响。 子群分析发现了学生背景之间的统计学显著差异。 男生和在家说非英语语言的学生认为在写作任务中使用GenAI更为可接受。 一年级学生比高年级同学表达了更多的社会关注。 来自多语言家庭的学生认为机构政策更加清晰，而第一代学生则更强烈地相信GenAI对未来职业的影响。 这项工作提供了一个实用的量表，用于评估GenAI工具对学生的影响，为教育人工智能系统的设计提供了依据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As generative AI (GenAI) tools like ChatGPT become more common in higher education, understanding student attitudes is essential for evaluating their educational impact and supporting responsible AI integration. This study introduces a validated survey instrument designed to assess students' perceptions of GenAI, including its acceptability for academic tasks, perceived influence on learning and careers, and broader societal concerns. We administered the survey to 297 undergraduates at a U.S. university. The instrument includes six thematic domains: institutional understanding, fairness and trust, academic and career influence, societal concerns, and GenAI use in writing and coursework. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four attitudinal dimensions: societal concern, policy clarity, fairness and trust, and career impact. Subgroup analyses identified statistically significant differences across student backgrounds. Male students and those speaking a language other than English at home rated GenAI use in writing tasks as more acceptable. First-year students expressed greater societal concern than upper-year peers. Students from multilingual households perceived greater clarity in institutional policy, while first-generation students reported a stronger belief in GenAI's impact on future careers. This work contributes a practical scale for evaluating the student impact of GenAI tools, informing the design of educational AI systems.