标题： 材料参数对孤立波引起的表面膨胀表达的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Material parameter influence on the expression of Solitary-Wave-Induced Surface Dilation

摘要： 我们提出一种方法，用于预测随机填充的三维颗粒通道中孤立波(SW)波前的峰值粒子力。我们的模拟中的SW是由通道粗糙底部产生的持续冲击驱动的。我们证明，以这种方式生成的三维颗粒结构中驱动SW波前的力，其材料属性和冲击速度的幂律标度与一维链中的情况相同。一维力的简单标度与我们使用软球离散元方法进行的模拟冲击测试结果相匹配。然后，我们量化了由于材料属性和重力环境变化而引起的孤立波诱导表面膨胀(SID)的大小，并给出了一个可用于预测升腾深度（由于横向传播的SW波前导致颗粒经历体密度变化的深度）的方程。根据我们的方程预测并经模拟结果验证，当粒子材料属性更接近月壤颗粒时，SID会被放大，这支持了SID是月球冷斑形成机制的假设。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We formulate a method for predicting peak particle forces in a Solitary Wave (SW) wavefront within a randomly filled 3D granular channel. The SW in our simulation are driven by a sustained impact originating in the bumpy floor of the channel. We show that, when generated in this manner, forces in the driven SW wavefront within the 3D assembly follow the same power law scaling on material properties and impact velocity as in a 1D chain. A simple scaling of the 1D forces matches results from simulated impact tests we conduct using Soft Sphere Discrete Element method simulations. We then quantify the magnitude of Solitary Wave Induced Surface Dilation (SID) that occurs as a result of varied material properties and gravitational environments, giving an equation that can be used to predict the lofting depth (depth to which particles experience bulk density changes as a result of a laterally propagating SW wavefront). As predicted by our equation and confirmed with simulated results, SID is amplified as particle material properties become closer to lunar regolith grains, supporting the hypothesis that SID is the Lunar Cold Spot formation mechanism.