标题： 强制筒仓卸料：模拟与理论 显示英文标题

标题： Forced silo discharge: Simulation and theory

摘要： 我们通过离散元模拟研究了在附加荷载作用下，颗粒材料通过圆柱形料仓底部圆形出料口的排料过程。 在排料开始时，对于较高的颗粒柱，流量$Q_{\rm ini}$与自由排料的Beverloo方程中的比例相同。 然而，我们发现，在强制排料结束时获得的流量$Q_{\rm end}$与$\sqrt{\rho_b P}D_o^3/D_s$成比例，其中$\rho_b$为松装密度，$P$为附加荷载产生的压力，$D_o$为出料口直径，$D_s$为料仓直径。 我们使用$-$能量定理来制定一个关于流量$Q_{\rm end}$的方程，该方程仅部分预测了尺度关系。 我们讨论了强强制颗粒流现象学所带来的新挑战。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study, through discrete element simulations, the discharge of granular materials through a circular orifice on the base of a cylindrical silo forced by a surcharge. At the beginning of the discharge, for a high granular column, the flow rate $Q_{\rm ini}$ scales as in the Beverloo equation for free discharge. However, we find that the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ attained at the end of the forced discharge scales as $\sqrt{\rho_b P}D_o^3/D_s$, with $\rho_b$ the bulk density, $P$ the pressure applied by the overweight, $D_o$ the orifice diameter and $D_s$ the silo diameter. We use the work$-$energy theorem to formulate an equation for the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ that predicts the scalings only in part. We discuss the new challenges offered by the phenomenology of strongly forced granular flows.