标题： 机械调控的婴儿颅骨生长：一种预测颅缝早闭的计算方法 显示英文标题

标题： Mechanically Regulated Cranial Growth in Infancy: A Computational Approach to Predicting Craniosynostosis

摘要： 在生命的早期，颅骨迅速改变大小和形状以适应大脑的生长，这主要由大脑扩张产生的机械应力驱动。 诸如颅缝早闭等发育障碍会干扰正常的生长过程，导致异常的头骨形状。 因此，理解生物力学力量、软组织和单独骨板之间的相互作用对于理解它们在塑造婴儿头骨中的作用至关重要。 本研究开发了一个由机械驱动的生长模型，用于模拟第一年的健康颅骨生长。 该算法考虑了大脑、颅骨骨块和颅缝的同时和耦合生长，以体积性大脑扩张为主要驱动因素，应变反馈控制骨和颅缝组织的生长。 一种整体骨形成方法考虑了不断变化的机械性能，骨和颅缝的弹性模量每月增加。 该模型应用于个别融合的颅缝，并预测了由于颅缝早闭引起的头骨畸形，结果与临床观察有良好的一致性。 骨-颅缝界面的应力和融合颅缝下的颅内压力升高突显了这些疾病引起的生物力学影响。 敏感性分析探讨了材料特性和生长速率如何影响头骨形状。 这一框架增强了对颅骨生长的理解，并为颅缝早闭的治疗计划提供了支持。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In early years of life, the cranium rapidly changes in size and shape to accommodate brain growth, primarily driven by mechanical stress from brain expansion. Developmental disorders such as premature fusion of sutures in craniosynostosis, disrupts normal growth process, leading to abnormal skull shapes. Thus, understanding the interplay between biomechanical forces, soft tissues, and individual bone plates is crucial for understanding their role in shaping infant skulls. This study develops a mechanically-driven growth model to simulate healthy cranial growth in the first year. The algorithm considers simultaneous and coupled growth of brain, cranial bones, sutures, with volumetric brain expansion as the primary driver, with strain-based feedback governing growth in bone and suture tissues. A bulk bone formation approach accounts for evolving mechanical properties, with elastic moduli of bone and sutures increasing monthly. The model was applied on individual fused sutures and skull dysmorphologies due to craniosynostosis were predicted, and results showed good agreement with clinically observations. Stress at bone-suture interfaces and elevated intracranial pressure under fused sutures highlighted biomechanical impacts due to the disorders. Sensitivity analysis explored how material properties and growth rates affect skull shape. This framework enhances understanding of cranial growth and supports treatment planning for craniosynostosis.