标题： 由振幅、频率或偏振调制光诱导的原子磁共振 显示英文标题

标题： Atomic magnetic resonance induced by amplitude-, frequency-, or polarization-modulated light

摘要： 近年来，二极管激光器已成为磁光光谱学中广泛使用且可靠的工具。特别是基于激光的原子磁力计已经找到了广泛的实用应用。更近一些时候，开发出了所谓的原子磁力计的无磁场噪声变种。在常规磁力计中，原子亚能级间的磁共振跃迁通过弱振荡磁场相干驱动，而无声磁力计则采用方案，其中光束的频率（FM）或振幅（AM）被调制。我们在此提出一个理论模型，该模型能够为当使用圆偏振光的振幅、频率或偏振调制来驱动横向磁场中的磁共振跃迁时出现的多重共振参数提供代数表达式。在拉莫尔频率 \omega _L 的谐波 m 处（通过直流或调制频率 \omega _mod 的谐波 q 的相敏检测）观察到的共振相对强度，以调制函数的傅里叶系数表示。我们的方法基于适用于低光功率极限下自旋取向原子状态的多极矩表示，这些状态具有任意角动量 F。我们发现与使用（方波）幅度调制(AM)光的实验案例研究具有出色的定量一致性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In recent years diode laser sources have become widespread and reliable tools in magneto-optical spectroscopy. In particular, laser-driven atomic magnetometers have found a wide range of practical applications. More recently, so-called magnetically silent variants of atomic magnetometers have been developed. While in conventional magnetometers the magnetic resonance transitions between atomic sublevels are phase-coherently driven by a weak oscillating magnetic field, silent magnetometers use schemes in which either the frequency (FM) or the amplitude (AM) of the light beam is modulated. Here we present a theoretical model that yields algebraic expressions for the parameters of the multiple resonances that occur when either amplitude-, frequency- or polarization-modulated light of circular polarization is used to drive the magnetic resonance transition in a transverse magnetic field. The relative magnitudes of the resonances that are observed in the transmitted light intensity at harmonic m of the Larmor frequency \omega_L (either by DC or phase sensitive detection at harmonics q of the modulation frequency \omega_mod) of the transmitted light are expressed in terms of the Fourier coefficients of the modulation function. Our approach is based on an atomic multipole moment representation that is valid for spin-oriented atomic states with arbitrary angular momentum F in the low light power limit. We find excellent quantitative agreement with an experimental case study using (square-wave) amplitude-modulated (AM) light.