标题： 可能的精确中微子幺正性？ 显示英文标题

标题： Possible Precise Neutrino Unitarity?

摘要： 标准模型（SM）轻子混合的探索是由中微子（{\nu }）振荡现象的研究所引领的，该现象的发现获得了2015年诺贝尔物理学奖的认可。 半个世纪的实验和理论努力已确立并证明与3{\nu }模型以及目前SM的三家族证据一致。 尽管尚未发现超出标准模型（BSM）的直接显著表现，但已知标准模型不足以解释所有当今观察到的现象。 在接下来的十年中，大多数振荡参数预计将达到百分之一以下的精度。 这种知识为首次通过直接且有竞争力的方式探索PMNS矩阵的幺正性来实验检验BSM表现提供了可能性。 任何显著偏差可能会反过来证明非标准态（即新中微子）和/或相互作用的存在，从而允许直接发现的可能性。 即使没有发现偏差，PMNS矩阵结构与它的CKM对应物非常不同，对于理解轻子味区具有根本的重要性。 在本文档中，我们将简要回顾在接下来十年内现有和未来粒子物理计划背景下的当前PMNS幺正性状况。 我们确定可能需要缺失的实验。 其中一个例子可能是假设的Super Chooz，采用新型LiquidO技术，以直接敏感于幺正性并独特地影响中微子振荡现象的探索。 这样的计划预计将通过间接信息同时增强所有目前计划实验的物理研究，有助于CP破坏和质量顺序的即将到来的测量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The exploration of the Standard Model (SM) leptonic mixing has been led by the study of the neutrino ({\nu}) oscillations phenomenon, whose discovery was acknowledged by the 2015 Nobel prize in physics. Half a century of experimental and theoretical effort has established and demonstrated consistency with the 3{\nu} model and with the so far SM three family evidence. While no direct significant manifestation for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) has been found, the SM is known not to suffice to explain all today's observed phenomenology. In the forthcoming decade, most oscillation parameters are expected to yield sub-percent precision. Such a knowledge opens the possibility to experimentally test for BSM manifestation(s) via the direct and competitive exploration of the PMNS matrix unitarity for the first time. Any significant deviation might, in turn, evidence the existence of non-standard states (i.e. new neutrino) and/or interactions, thus allowing for direct discovery potential. Even if no deviations were found, the PMNS matrix structure, very different from its CKM counterpart, is of fundamental importance to our understanding of the leptonic flavour sector. In this document, we shall briefly review today's PMNS unitarity status in the context of existing and future particle physics programme within the next decade. We identify the possible need for a missing experiment(s). One such a case maybe a hypothetical Super Chooz, employing the novel LiquidO technology, to address both directly sensitivity to the unitarity and unique impact to the exploration of the neutrino oscillation phenomena. Such a program is expected to additionally and coherently reinforce the physics of all currently planned experiments via indirect information aiding both the CP violation and mass ordering forthcoming measurements.