标题： 量子算法中测量的利用观点 显示英文标题

标题： Perspectives on Utilization of Measurements in Quantum Algorithms

摘要： 测量是量子计算中的基本操作，在量子算法中有很多重要的应用。 本文全面概述了量子计算中的基本测量操作，并展示了它们在量子算法中选定的一组应用。 我们的目标是提供对量子计算中测量过程的最早算法综述之一。 从量子信息理论的角度来看，测量要么是访问量子计算结果的方法，要么是修改量子状态的技术。 我们还识别了基于测量的方法来解决量子计算挑战，例如错误缓解和电路切割。 我们讨论了三种主要的测量类别：在静态量子电路中执行测量，通过测量在动态量子电路中修改量子状态，以及利用测量解决量子计算中的挑战。 基于所回顾的主题，测量操作通常不是量子算法设计的核心。 然而，最新颖且容易出错的量子算法可能需要复杂的测量方案。 因此，本文的核心信息是拓宽对测量操作的看法，并强调它们在量子算法设计各个层面的重要性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Measurement is a fundamental operation in quantum computing and has many important use cases in quantum algorithms. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the basic measurement operations in quantum computing and represents a selected set of their applications in quantum algorithms. Our goal is to provide one of the first algorithmic overviews of measurement processes in quantum computing. From the quantum information-theoretical perspective, measurements are either a method to access the result of a quantum computation or a technique to modify a quantum state. We also identify measurement-based methods to solve quantum computational challenges, such as error mitigation and circuit cutting. We discuss three main categories of measurements: performing measurements in static quantum circuits, modifying the quantum state in dynamic quantum circuits via measurements, and addressing challenges in quantum computing with measurements. Based on the reviewed topics, the measurement operations are frequently not at the center of the quantum algorithm design. However, the most novel and error-prone quantum algorithms will likely require sophisticated measurement schemes. Thus, the central message of this article is to broaden the view of measurement operations and highlight their importance at every level of quantum algorithm design.